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Conflict on the Northern Front: Archaeological Perspectives on the Spanish Civil War at Monte Bernorio, Palencia, Spain
International Journal of Historical Archaeology Pub Date : 2020-08-11 , DOI: 10.1007/s10761-020-00555-7
Jesús F. Torres-Martínez , Manuel Fernández-Götz , Alicia Hernández-Tórtoles , Antxoka Martínez-Velasco

The archaeology of the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) has experienced an important development over the last two decades. Several field projects have studied aspects such as mass graves, forced labor camps, and battlefields. In this paper, we present a case study from the so-called “Northern Front” (Frente Norte). The impressive mountain of Monte Bernorio, situated at the foothills of the Cantabrian Mountains, controls one of the main communication routes between the central Spanish plateau (Meseta) and the Cantabrian Sea. Due to this strategic position, the site has played an important military role during two episodes of war separated by nearly 2,000 years: the Roman conquest of northern Iberia under Emperor Augustus in the 20s BCE, and the Spanish Civil War in the years 1936-37. The ongoing archaeological excavations and surveys are uncovering abundant remains of trenches, battering positions, barracks, and munitions belonging to the Civil War period, when Bernorio was a highly disputed position in the confrontation between “Republicans” and “Nationalists.” Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, this paper combines archaeological evidence, oral history, and written documents that shed light on one of the main episodes of Franco’s conquest of northern Spain.



中文翻译:

北部战线的冲突:西班牙帕伦西亚蒙特贝诺里奥的西班牙内战的考古学视角

在过去的二十年中,西班牙内战(1936–39)的考古学经历了重要的发展。几个野外项目研究了诸如坟墓,强迫劳动营和战场等方面。在本文中,我们从所谓的“北方阵线”(Frente Norte)中进行案例研究。)。令人印象深刻的蒙特贝诺里奥山位于坎塔布连山脉的山脚下,控制着西班牙中部高原(Meseta)和坎塔布连海之间的主要通讯路线之一。由于这一战略位置,该遗址在相距将近2000年的两次战争中起了重要的军事作用:公元前20年代罗马人在奥古斯都皇帝的统治下征服了北部伊比利亚北部地区,以及1936-37年的西班牙内战。正在进行的考古发掘和调查发现了属于内战时期的战es,重击阵地,营房和军需品的大量遗骸,当时贝诺里奥在“共和党人”和“民族主义者”之间的对抗中是一个备受争议的立场。本文采用跨学科方法,结合了考古证据,

更新日期:2020-08-11
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