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The Modern Bhagavad Gītā: Caste in Twentieth-Century Commentaries
International Journal of Hindu Studies Pub Date : 2019-12-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s11407-019-09266-z
J. E. Llewellyn

By the twentieth century the Bhagavad Gītā had become the single most important Hindu book. A clear indication of its popularity is that many of the major thinkers of that century wrote about it, often in book-length commentaries. In this article, we will analyze what Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Sri Aurobindo, Mohandas K. Gandhi, and Svāmī Śivānanda have to say about caste in their books about the Bhagavad Gītā. In colonial India, caste was understood to be a problem, at once critical to Indian society and critically in need of reform. A fundamental split had developed in the nineteenth century. Some social reformers condemned caste as a divisive, and therefore pernicious, institution. Others argued, on the contrary, that caste could be a force to unite social groups, if only it were properly overhauled. All but one of our twentieth-century authors advance modern reinterpretations of caste, moving it in a unifying direction. However, Śivānanda interprets the Bhagavad Gītā in a way that is traditional, striking particularly in this modern context.

中文翻译:

现代博伽梵歌:二十世纪注释中的种姓

到 20 世纪,《薄伽梵歌》已成为最重要的印度教书籍。它受欢迎的一个明显迹象是,那个世纪的许多主要思想家都写过它,通常是在书长的评论中。在本文中,我们将分析 Bal Gangadhar Tilak、Sri Aurobindo、Mohandas K. Gandhi 和 Svāmī Śivānanda 在他们关于《博伽梵歌》的书中对种姓的看法。在殖民时期的印度,种姓被认为是一个问题,它既对印度社会至关重要,又急需改革。19 世纪出现了根本性的分裂。一些社会改革者谴责种姓是一种分裂的、因此有害的制度。相反,其他人则认为,种姓可以成为团结社会群体的力量,只要对其进行适当的改革。除了我们 20 世纪的一位作者之外,所有人都推进了对种姓的现代重新解释,将其朝着统一的方向发展。然而,Śivānanda 以一种传统的方式解释了《薄伽梵歌》,在这种现代语境中尤其引人注目。
更新日期:2019-12-01
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