This paper aims to investigate psycho-attitudinal features in female entrepreneurs participating in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises in Saudi Arabia, using the Big Five model of personality traits and risk propensity. These attitudes, further grouped into three broad categories, namely, fixed, moderate and growth-oriented mindsets, are used to illustrate the collective impact of attitude over the entrepreneurial process.,The study is a quantitative study, using a survey to registered business owners and entrepreneurs operating in micro, small and medium businesses in Riyadh, Makkah and Eastern Province, three major administration areas of Saudi Arabia. Survey distribution was through the Chamber of Commerce located in each city. In total, 701 questionnaires were collected with 232 completed responses suitable for use in the study’s empirical findings. The overall response rate was 33 per cent.,The paper provides practical insights into gender-specific attitudes, including reported variance over the entrepreneurial process. It shows that attitude is an equally predominant feature for both genders through all business stages, with female entrepreneurs reporting a slightly higher growth-oriented attitude relative to their male counterparts. Overall, significant differences were noted between gender and business stages for five of the six-attitudinal growth subscales. From a policy perspective, noting the country’s plan for economic reform and desire for greater participation by women, there are important questions that arise concerning the impact of incentive devices and policy measures.,The main limitation of this study is in the number of women participants, which was small. As participation rates for women rise, there is a good opportunity for future analysis to extend this current study’s findings.,The research uses the Big Five model and risk propensity to explore the important role of attitude in female entrepreneurs. Noting the moderating influence of factors in the macro-environment and the pervasive impact of social norms on women, this study flags some implications for government and policymakers in formulating supportive policies to enable greater uptake by women entrepreneurs with growth-oriented mindsets.,This paper contributes to the literature on the role of gender-specific attitudes through the business stages. This paper presents original research on the attitudes of women in the context of Arabic society.

中文翻译：

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心理态度特征：沙特阿拉伯女性企业家研究

本文旨在利用人格特征和风险倾向的五大模型调查沙特阿拉伯中小型和小型企业中女企业家的心理态度特征。这些态度被进一步分为固定，中等和以增长为导向的心态三大类，用于说明态度对创业过程的集体影响。该研究是一项定量研究，使用对注册企业主的调查以及在沙特阿拉伯的三个主要行政区利雅得，麦加和东部省从事微型，中小型企业的企业家。调查分布是通过每个城市的商会进行的。总共，收集了701份问卷，其中232份完整的答复适合用于该研究的经验结果。总体回应率为33％。该论文提供了针对性别的态度的实际见解，包括据报道在创业过程中的差异。它表明态度在所有商业阶段对于男女来说都是同等重要的特征，女性企业家报告的相对于男性的成长取向态度略高。总体而言，六个垂直增长分量表中的五个在性别和商业阶段之间存在显着差异。从政策角度讲，注意到该国的经济改革计划以及妇女更多参与的愿望，关于激励措施和政策措施的影响，出现了一些重要的问题。本研究的主要局限在于女性参与者的数量很少。随着妇女参与率的提高，有很好的机会进行进一步的分析以扩展本研究的结果。该研究使用五大模型和风险倾向来探讨态度在女性企业家中的重要作用。注意到宏观环境中各种因素的适度影响以及社会规范对妇女的普遍影响，本研究标志着政府和决策者制定支持性政策以使具有成长取向的思维方式的女企业家能够更好地接受该政策具有某些意义。在商业阶段为有关性别态度的作用的文献做出贡献。