The Arch of Titus, constructed circa 81 CE under the emperor Domitian, commemorates the victory of the general, then emperor Titus in the Jewish War of 66–74 CE. Located on Rome’s Via Sacra, the Arch has been a “place of memory” for Romans, Christians and Jews since antiquity. This essay explores the history of a Jewish counter-memory of a bas relief within the arch that depicts the triumphal procession of the Jerusalem Temple treasures into Rome in 71 CE. At least since the early modern period, Jews—as well as British Protestants—came to believe that the menorah bearers of this relief represent Jews, and not Roman triumphadors. This essay addresses the history of this widespread belief, particularly during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and continuing in contemporary Israel.

中文翻译：

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谁在搬运圣殿烛台？提图斯斯波利亚拱门小组的犹太人反叙述

提图斯拱门建于公元 81 年左右，由图密善皇帝统治，以纪念这位将军，当时的提图斯皇帝在公元 66-74 年的犹太战争中的胜利。拱门位于罗马的 Via Sacra，自古以来就是罗马人、基督徒和犹太人的“记忆之地”。本文探讨了犹太人对拱门内浅浮雕的反记忆历史，该浮雕描绘了公元 71 年耶路撒冷圣殿宝藏进入罗马的凯旋游行。至少从近代初期开始，犹太人——以及英国新教徒——开始相信这种浮雕的烛台承载者代表犹太人，而不是罗马的胜利者。这篇文章讲述了这种广泛信仰的历史，特别是在 19 和 20 世纪，并在当代以色列继续存在。