ABSTRACT

Between 1911 and 1917, Álvaro Retana (1890–1970), a leading figure in the popular culture of Silver Age Spain (1898–1936), published dozens of newspaper and magazine articles, two kiosk novelettes and the prologue to his debut book under the name Claudina Regnier. Ostensibly the work of an unknown woman writer, the earliest of these texts prompted keen speculation in the Spanish press. The enigma surrounding their authorship drew Retana into an extended debate about the party or parties responsible for Regnier’s writing. This essay examines the articles attributed to Regnier and argues that she began as a mysterious authorial persona who raised pressing concerns about authorship, gender and moral propriety. Debates about her identity and relationship to Retana brought him queer celebrity, or admiration and notoriety based on intense public scrutiny and indecision regarding his gender and sexual identities. They also shifted attention away from Regnier, whose first-person voice became less self-reflexive in articles bearing her signature after 1913. Ultimately, Retana’s rise to queer celebrity had an ambivalent effect, both challenging accepted models of masculinity and heralding Regnier’s disappearance as a seemingly autonomous woman writer at a time when ever more women were striving to publish in the Spanish press.

摘要

在1911年至1917年之间，西班牙银器时代（1898年至1936年）的流行文化中的佼佼者阿尔瓦罗·雷塔纳（ÁlvaroRetana，1890年至1970年）出版了数十种报纸和杂志文章，两个售书亭中篇小说以及他在该书下首次亮相的序言。名字Claudina Regnier。这些文字中最早的文字表面上是一位不知名的女作家的作品，这引起了西班牙媒体的强烈猜测。围绕他们的作者身份的谜团使Retana陷入了对负责Regnier写作的一个或多个政党的广泛辩论。本文研究了雷格尼尔的文章，并认为她起初是一个神秘的作者角色，引起了人们对作者身份，性别和道德礼节的紧迫关注。关于她的身份和与Retana的关系的争论为他带来了古怪的名人，或因对他的性别和性身份进行严格的公开审查和优柔寡断而产生的钦佩和恶名。他们也将注意力从Regnier转移开了，Regnier的第一人称声音在带有她的签名的文章中变得不那么反身。最终，Retana成为酷儿名人的举动产生了矛盾的影响，既挑战了阳刚之气，也预示着Regnier的失踪。在越来越多的女性努力在西班牙媒体上发表文章的时候，看似自治的女性作家。