ABSTRACT

In many countries, the objective of reducing public spending combined with the introduction of New Public Management reforms have led to changes in the territorial organization of public services and to a withdrawal of public facilities in many places. Our hypothesis is that in France, this territorial process has not occurred in the same way in all cities. We assume that while medium-sized cities are seeing a reduction in some public service facilities, their disappearance usually occurs in small cities. Larger metropolitan areas have not been affected by such territorial retrenchment of public services facilities. These differences could lead to increased territorial inequalities at the level of urban systems and to a marginalization of some small cities. This paper examines these processes through a quantitative analysis of changes in the location of justice courts and hospital beds from 2000 to 2016, within French Functional Urban Areas. It shows that the decrease in the number of justice and hospital facilities was significant and has affected small cities.

摘要

在许多国家，减少公共开支的目标加上新公共管理改革的引入，导致公共服务的地域组织发生变化，许多地方的公共设施也被撤出。我们的假设是，在法国，并非所有城市都以相同的方式发生这种领土过程。我们假设，虽然中等城市的一些公共服务设施正在减少，但它们的消失通常发生在小城市。较大的都市区并未受到此类公共服务设施领土缩减的影响。这些差异可能导致城市系统层面的地域不平等加剧，并导致一些小城市边缘化。本文通过对 2000 年至 2016 年法国城市功能区内司法法院和医院床位位置变化的定量分析来检验这些过程。它表明司法和医院设施数量的减少显着，并影响了小城市。