The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are mostly used for applications which hardly have human interaction and WSN is always known for its limited-energy issue. The wireless sensor nodes are equipped with an in-built power supply and have limited energy to complete their assigned tasks in WSNs. Therefore, for WSNs designing energy-efficient protocols is always been a challenging task for researchers. In this paper, we have studied and discussed various WSNs' existing protocols highlighting their merits and demerits. We have also made a comparative study on different parameters and methodologies followed by the respective references while designing different energy-efficient WSN protocols for different scenarios.

无线传感器网络 (WSN) 主要用于几乎没有人类交互的应用程序，并且 WSN 一直以其有限的能量问题而闻名。无线传感器节点配备了内置电源，并且具有有限的能量来完成它们在 WSN 中分配的任务。因此，对于 WSN 而言，设计节能协议一直是研究人员面临的一项具有挑战性的任务。在本文中，我们研究和讨论了各种 WSN 的现有协议，突出了它们的优缺点。在针对不同场景设计不同的节能 WSN 协议时，我们还对不同的参数和方法进行了比较研究，并参考了各自的参考资料。