The predicted future shortfall in seafood production from tropical small-scale fisheries demands support to help diversify income streams and food production for coastal communities. Livelihood diversification can comprise the enhancement or addition of components to existing fisheries, yet the likely socioeconomic impacts are unclear. With a long history of nondeleterious introductions, the marine snail “trochus” (Rochia nilotica) was introduced to Samoa from 2003 to 2006 to offer a new artisanal fishery resource. Some 15 years later, we surveyed 303 fishers using structured questionnaires and mixed effects models to evaluate how the fishery has contributed to fisher well-being and what factors have influenced the socioeconomic impacts. Most fishers consumed part of their catch and both fisherwomen and fishermen shared harvests informally within communities, thereby bolstering resilience of the social-ecological systems at the community level. More than one-quarter of fishers sold part of their catch and the new earnings represented 17% of their gross income from all sources. Fishing incomes were gender equitable and influenced by fishing frequency and capital assets (boats). Most fishers were satisfied with income from the relatively new fishery and improved income was reported by a majority of fishers, especially those younger and less experienced. Additional money from the fishery was most often spent on food, church tithing, and school fees. This relatively new fishery fostered positive well-being outcomes that were gender inclusive. Extrapolations of annual incomes across the fishery reveal a rapid return on investment from foreign-aid funded development. The study reveals that certain coastal artisanal fisheries can be gender equitable and that benefits are likely underestimated because of subsistence consumption and informal distribution networks. Diversifying the marine resources accessible to small-scale fishers offers a promising strategy to support coastal livelihoods and strengthen resilience of social-ecological systems.

中文翻译：

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小型渔业发展带来的资源多样化对社会经济的影响

热带小规模渔业未来海产品产量的预计未来短缺，需要支持以帮助使沿海社区的收入来源和粮食生产多样化。生计多样化可以包括增加或增加现有渔业的组成部分，但尚不清楚可能的社会经济影响。由于长期无害引进，海螺“ trochus”（Rochia nilotica）于2003年至2006年被引入萨摩亚，以提供一种新的手工渔业资源。大约15年后，我们使用结构化问卷和混合效应模型对303名渔民进行了调查，以评估渔业如何促进渔民福祉以及哪些因素影响了社会经济影响。大多数渔民消耗了一部分渔获物，渔民和渔民在社区内非正式地分享了收获，从而增强了社区一级社会生态系统的复原力。超过四分之一的渔民出售了部分渔获物，新收入占所有来源总收入的17％。捕鱼收入是两性平等的，并受捕鱼频率和资本资产（船）的影响。大多数渔民对相对较新的渔业所获得的收入感到满意，大多数渔民，特别是年纪较小，经验不足的渔民报告收入有所提高。从渔业中获得的额外收入通常用于食品，教堂什一税和学校费用。这种相对较新的渔业促进了包括性别在内的积极福祉。整个渔业的年收入推算表明，外国援助开发项目可带来快速的投资回报。该研究表明，某些沿海手工渔业可以实现性别平等，由于自给自足的消费和非正式的分销网络，其收益可能被低估了。使小型渔民可获得的海洋资源多样化，为支持沿海生计和增强社会生态系统的复原力提供了一个有前途的战略。