Metal molds have traditionally been used in the manufacture of polyurethane foam parts. This type of molds presents several disadvantages: have a high cost; need a long time for their manufacture; involve the use of release agents during the demolding operation. As an alternative, the use of molds manufactured by fused deposition modeling is proposed. These 3D printed molds have a poor surface finish, which complicates the demolding operation. To overcome this handicap, materials that can be chemically polished have been studied: acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and high impact polystyrene. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene can be polished by exposure to acetone vapors and high impact polystyrene by immersion in limonene. This post-processing operation allows to reduce the surface roughness of the 3D printed mold. To simulate the industrial use of the mold, seven molding-demolding cycles have been performed. To measure the ease of demolding of each material, a pull-off test has been used. The results indicate that high impact polystyrene has less affinity with polyurethane foam than acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. In addition, although release agent is used in cycle 1, with high impact polystyrene specimens, it is not necessary to use it in cycles 2, 3 and 4; this means a saving of release agent. Furthermore, the chemical polishing of high impact polystyrene by immersion in limonene has several advantages: it is performed in a short time; it allows to obtain an excellent finish regardless of the initial surface roughness; it is done using a biodegradable solvent of organic origin. To experimentally demonstrate the viability of the proposed solution, a mold for the back of a car seat has been printed in high impact polystyrene via fused deposition modeling and chemically polished by immersion in limonene (1 min); the geometrical deviations generated were less than 1 mm.

传统上，金属模具已用于制造聚氨酯泡沫部件。这种模具具有几个缺点：成本高；需要很长时间才能制造出来；涉及在脱模过程中使用脱模剂。作为替代方案，提出了使用通过熔融沉积建模制造的模具的建议。这些3D打印模具的表面光洁度较差，这使脱模操作复杂化。为了克服这一障碍，已经研究了可以化学抛光的材料：丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯和高抗冲聚苯乙烯。丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯可以通过暴露在丙酮蒸气中而抛光，而高抗冲聚苯乙烯则可以通过浸入柠檬烯中进行抛光。此后处理操作可以减少3D打印模具的表面粗糙度。为了模拟模具的工业用途，已经执行了七个成型-脱模循环。为了测量每种材料脱模的难易程度，已使用拉拔测试。结果表明，高抗冲聚苯乙烯对聚氨酯泡沫的亲和力小于丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯。另外，尽管在高抗冲聚苯乙烯样品的循环1中使用了脱模剂，但在循环2、3和4中没有必要使用脱模剂。这意味着节省了脱模剂。此外，通过浸入柠檬烯对高抗冲聚苯乙烯进行化学抛光具有几个优点：它可以在短时间内完成；无论初始表面粗糙度如何，都可以获得优异的光洁度；它是使用有机来源的可生物降解溶剂完成的。为了通过实验证明所提出解决方案的可行性， 分钟）；产生的几何偏差小于1 毫米。