Scholars and policymakers have long used the shorthand of hawks and doves to characterize leader personalities that correspond to a particular political inclination, whereby hawks are considered right-wing and more aggressive in foreign policy, and doves are left-wing and more peaceful. This article posits that a sound discussion of who hawks and doves in foreign policy are requires an engagement with research on political leadership. It promises a less superficial understanding of the dichotomy of hawks and doves, and uses leadership trait analysis to explore hawkish and dovish leaders’ qualities. The article profiles Israel’s prime ministers since the end of the Cold War, where in a high security environment, these words are most often used to describe its domestic and foreign matters and its cooperative and conflictual actions. This article’s findings encourage an unpacking of these commonly used shorthand labels with political leadership approaches. They are also useful to highlight, most notably, the significance of complexity and distrust in understanding hawkish and dovish leaders. Hawks think simpler and are more doubtful of others than doves, this article finds. Future research, the article suggests, will benefit from looking deeper than simple, dichotomous use of this analogy, and exploring ways to operationalize individual-level measurements of hawks and doves in foreign policy.

中文翻译：

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外交政策鸟类的特征：以色列总理担任鹰派和鸽子

学者和政策制定者长期以来使用鹰派和鸽子的速记来表征与特定政治倾向相对应的领导人性格，在这些人物中，鹰派被视为右翼，在外交政策上更具侵略性，而鸽子则是左翼且更加和平。本文认为，对谁是外交政策中的鹰派和鸽子的正确讨论需要参与政治领导力研究。它希望对鹰派和鸽子的二分法有一个肤浅的了解，并使用领导力特质分析来探索鹰派和鸽派领导人的素质。文章概述了自冷战结束以来以色列的总理，在冷战中，在高度安全的环境中，这些词最常用于描述其国内和国外事务以及其合作与冲突行动。本文的发现鼓励通过政治领导方法来解开这些常用的速记标签。它们还有助于突出最复杂的意义和对理解鹰派和鸽派领导人的不信任感。本文发现，老鹰比鸽子更简单，对他人的怀疑也更多。该文章建议，未来的研究将受益于比这种简单，二分法的使用更深入的研究，并探索在外交政策中实施鹰派和鸽派个人测量的方法。本文发现，老鹰比鸽子更简单，对他人的怀疑也更多。该文章建议，未来的研究将受益于比这种简单，二分法的使用更深入的研究，并探索在外交政策中实施鹰派和鸽派个人测量的方法。本文发现，老鹰比鸽子更简单，对他人的怀疑也更多。该文章建议，未来的研究将受益于比这种简单，二分法的使用更深入的研究，并探索在外交政策中实施鹰派和鸽派个人测量的方法。