Objective: Colleges have increased postsecondary educational access for youth, including individuals with disabilities, but completion rates remain low. This study tests the hypothesis that health conditions that reduce social integration predict lower educational attainment among college students. Method: The sample from the nationally representative Add Health (National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent and Adult Health) data (1995, 2001, 2008) comprised respondents in 2001 whose highest degree was a high school diploma (n = 9,909), focusing on subsamples of students enrolled in 2-year colleges and 4-year colleges (n = 1,494; n = 2,721). For each of 57 health conditions in 2001, the relative risk of earning certificate, associate’s degree, or bachelor’s degree in 2008 was estimated, controlling for precollege factors, including high school grades, test scores, parents’ household income, and full-time enrollment. Results: Health conditions associated with social stigma predicted lower educational attainment among 2-year college students including stuttering, being overweight, and health that restricts engaging in vigorous sports. A broader range of health conditions predicted lower educational attainment among 4-year college students, including restrictions on climbing one and several flights of stairs and walking one and several blocks. Contributions: Stigmatized health conditions may disproportionately reduce educational attainment by impacting students’ social integration in 2-year colleges. Improved awareness may reduce the impact of unconscious stigma. Until 4-year colleges improve accommodations, students may benefit by earning credentials at 2-year colleges before transferring to 4-year institutions.

中文翻译：

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残疾和学位：确定在全国代表性样本中预测大学入学和毕业机会较低的健康损害

目标：大学增加了包括残疾人在内的青年人接受高等教育的机会，但完成率仍然很低。本研究检验了以下假设：降低社会融合的健康状况预示着大学生受教育程度较低。方法：来自具有全国代表性的 Add Health（全国青少年和成人健康纵向研究）数据（1995、2001、2008 年）的样本包括 2001 年最高学历为高中文凭的受访者（n = 9,909），重点关注以下子样本：入读 2 年制大学和 4 年制大学的学生（n = 1,494；n = 2,721）。对于 2001 年 57 种健康状况中的每一种，估计了 2008 年获得证书、副学士学位或学士学位的相对风险，控制了大学前因素，包括高中成绩、考试成绩、父母的家庭收入和全日制入学。结果：与社会污名相关的健康状况预示着 2 年制大学生的受教育程度较低，包括口吃、超重和限制从事剧烈运动的健康状况。更广泛的健康状况预示着 4 年制大学生的受教育程度较低，包括限制爬一层和几层楼梯以及步行一个和几个街区。贡献：污名化的健康状况可能会影响学生在 2 年制大学中的社会融合，从而不成比例地降低受教育程度。提高认识可能会减少无意识耻辱的影响。直到四年制大学改善住宿条件，