Little is known about the emergence of the iconic tower‐tombs in the first century bce in Tadmor‐Palmyra, the oasis settlement on the eastern edge of the Roman Empire. Scholarship has concentrated on the grand towers erected in the first two centuries ce, yet it is the older and simpler group of towers that holds the key for understanding their appearance. They reveal breaks with existing burial customs and a need to carve out a new memorial landscape in the desert. This article offers a new perspective on the tower‐tombs, building on theoretical approaches to monumentality, landscape, and memory. In settings that were simultaneously conspicuous and distant, the towers represent monumental proclamations aimed at the residents of Tadmor‐Palmyra and the people of the desert. As tombs, they kept alive the memory of some members of the community, becoming focal points for the (re)production of lineage identity. Internal developments, sedentarization, or migration made such identities vulnerable, and new avenues for competitive innovations about the shared past were sought. The tower‐tombs provide the first glimpses of a new Tadmor‐Palmyra.

中文翻译：

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记忆，景观和记忆：塔姆-帕尔米拉塔楼墓的出现

对于公元前一世纪标志性塔墓的出现，人们鲜为人知。塔德莫尔-帕尔米拉（Tadmor-Palmyra）是罗马帝国东部边缘的绿洲聚居地。奖学金主要集中在前两个世纪建造的宏伟塔楼上，但是，较老和较简单的塔楼组才是理解其外观的关键。他们揭示了与现有的丧葬习俗有关的休息时间，以及在沙漠中开辟新的纪念地貌的需要。本文以纪念性，风景和记忆的理论方法为基础，为塔墓提供了新的视角。在同时引人注目和遥远的环境中，这些塔楼代表着针对塔德莫尔-帕尔米拉（Tadmor-Palmyra）居民和沙漠人民的丰碑。作为坟墓，他们保留了一些社区成员的记忆，成为（重新）产生血统身份的焦点。内部发展，世俗化或移民使这种身份易受伤害，并寻求有关共同过去的竞争性创新的新途径。塔墓提供了新的Tadmor-Palmyra的第一印象。