Abstract:This article examines the publication history of W. E. B. Du Bois's The Souls of Black Folk, which has received only occasional scholarly attention. Recent publications of the book, from both W. W. Norton & Company and Oxford University Press, reprint the first edition of the text without mentioning changes to the second printing. Likewise, the book's editor has been widely misidentified by scholars. In light of this history, the essay reconsiders the initial publication and reception of The Souls of Black Folk, considering how the text circulated among a popular audience. I argue that while Du Bois and his Chicago publisher, A. C. McClurg & Co., sought to target a predominantly white audience by simultaneously appealing to and subverting fantasies of racial dominance, these efforts encountered dual attitudes of resistance. On the one hand, the vast majority of readers harshly rejected Du Bois's argument for racial equality. On the other hand, they interpreted The Souls of Black Folk as confirming racial stereotypes and essential characteristics of the Negro. Such racialized misreading dominated the US literary marketplace at the dawning of the twentieth century, and Du Bois's encounter with this reaction profoundly influenced his authorial approach for the remainder of his career.

中文翻译：

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“在二十世纪的黎明”：WEB Du Bois、AC McClurg & Co. 和黑人灵魂的早期流通

摘要：本文考察了WEB杜波依斯的《黑人之魂》的出版历史，该书仅受到学术关注。这本书的最新出版物，来自 WW Norton & Company 和牛津大学出版社，重印了该文本的第一版，但没有提及对第二次印刷的更改。同样，该书的编辑也被学者广泛误认。鉴于这段历史，本文重新考虑了《黑人之魂》的最初出版和接受情况，并考虑了该文本如何在大众受众中传播。我认为，虽然杜波依斯和他的芝加哥出版商 AC McClurg & Co. 试图通过同时吸引和颠覆种族统治的幻想来瞄准以白人为主的受众，但这些努力遇到了双重抵制态度。一方面，绝大多数读者严厉地拒绝了杜波依斯的种族平等论点。另一方面，他们将《黑人之魂》解释为确认了黑人的种族刻板印象和基本特征。这种种族化的误读在 20 世纪初主导了美国文学市场，杜波依斯与这种反应的遭遇深刻影响了他余生的创作方法。