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Intergenerational Disadvantage: An Introduction to the Key Issues
The Australian Economic Review ( IF 0.934 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-31 , DOI: 10.1111/1467-8462.12369
Mark Wooden

As in many other countries, economic and social commentators in Australia have long been concerned about high and rising levels of economic and social inequality. That said, inequality per se is not necessarily regarded as a bad thing. What often concerns people more is inequality in opportunity. In Australia this is embodied in the notion of a right to a ‘fair go’, something that many (if not most) political leaders have espoused a commitment to at some point. The origins of the ‘fair go’ in Australia, however, are rooted in the trade union movement and our industrial relations system. It is this notion that underpins things like minimum award wages and protections against unfair dismissals. The basic argument is that anyone who is prepared to work hard should be rewarded. At the same time, this notion is then often extended to argue that those who are not prepared to work hard should receive minimal protection from the state. But what if disadvantage begins well before people reach working age? Indeed, what if it is circumstances at birth that are most critical? This was the topic at the centre of a workshop organised by the Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, which in turn provides the basis for the three contributions presented here.1 The contribution by Miles Corak is an adapted version of his keynote addresses to this workshop, while the remaining contributions, by Esperanza Vera‐Toscano and Irma Mooi‐Reci, are summaries of key themes that emerged from other presentations and discussions at the workshop.

中文翻译:

代际劣势:关键问题简介

与许多其他国家一样,澳大利亚的经济和社会评论员长期以来一直关注经济和社会不平等程度高且不断上升的问题。也就是说,不平等本身并不一定被视为坏事。人们往往更关心的是机会不平等。在澳大利亚,这体现在“公平竞争”权利的概念中,许多(如果不是大多数)政治领导人在某个时候都支持这一承诺。然而,澳大利亚“公平竞争”的起源植根于工会运动和我们的劳资关系体系。正是这种观念支撑着诸如最低奖励工资和防止不公平解雇之类的事情。基本论点是,任何准备努力工作的人都应该得到奖励。同时,这个概念随后经常被扩展到认为那些不准备努力工作的人应该得到国家最低限度的保护。但是,如果劣势在人们达到工作年龄之前就开始了呢?的确,如果出生时的环境最为关键呢?这是墨尔本应用经济和社会研究所组织的一个研讨会的中心主题,它反过来为这里提出的三项贡献提供了基础。 1 Miles Corak 的贡献是他的主题演讲的改编版本该研讨会的其余贡献由 Esperanza Vera-Toscano 和 Irma Mooi-Reci 撰写,是对研讨会其他演讲和讨论中出现的关键主题的总结。但是,如果劣势在人们达到工作年龄之前就开始了呢?的确,如果出生时的环境最为关键呢?这是墨尔本应用经济和社会研究所组织的一个研讨会的中心主题,它反过来为这里提出的三项贡献提供了基础。 1 Miles Corak 的贡献是他的主题演讲的改编版本该研讨会的其余贡献由 Esperanza Vera-Toscano 和 Irma Mooi-Reci 撰写,是对研讨会其他演讲和讨论中出现的关键主题的总结。但是,如果劣势在人们达到工作年龄之前就开始了呢?的确,如果出生时的环境最为关键呢?这是墨尔本应用经济和社会研究所组织的一个研讨会的中心主题,它反过来为这里提出的三项贡献提供了基础。 1 Miles Corak 的贡献是他的主题演讲的改编版本该研讨会的其余贡献由 Esperanza Vera-Toscano 和 Irma Mooi-Reci 撰写,是对研讨会其他演讲和讨论中出现的关键主题的总结。如果出生时的环境最为关键呢?这是墨尔本应用经济和社会研究所组织的一个研讨会的中心主题,它反过来为这里提出的三项贡献提供了基础。 1 Miles Corak 的贡献是他的主题演讲的改编版本该研讨会的其余贡献由 Esperanza Vera-Toscano 和 Irma Mooi-Reci 撰写,是对研讨会其他演讲和讨论中出现的关键主题的总结。如果出生时的环境最为关键呢?这是墨尔本应用经济和社会研究所组织的一个研讨会的中心主题,它反过来为这里提出的三项贡献提供了基础。 1 Miles Corak 的贡献是他的主题演讲的改编版本该研讨会的其余贡献由 Esperanza Vera-Toscano 和 Irma Mooi-Reci 撰写,是对研讨会其他演讲和讨论中出现的关键主题的总结。
更新日期:2020-05-31
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