ABSTRACT Before 1539, highway improvement in England and Wales (other than the clearance of illegal obstructions) was achieved only by crown licence following a satisfactory inquisition ad quod damnum. Magna Carta chapter 39 recorded that ‘that no free man is to be … disseised … except by … the law of the land’, but in the wake of other wide-ranging reforms in the 1530s, amid a growing sense of the common weal and desire for ‘improvement’, parliament overcame this obstacle to economic infrastructural development by adjustment of ‘the law of the land’, assuming prerogative power and delegating by statute the authority for the compulsory purchase of land. In this case it was for river navigation at Exeter, and not until 1662 was the power extended to roads. Compensation was always to be paid, but legislation rarely stipulated the explicit outright purchase of freehold. Parliament was willing to grant these powers to trustees or other public bodies, or indeed to private individuals, but only if it was considered that doing so served the public interest.

中文翻译：

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英格兰和威尔士为交通基础设施强制购买土地的法定程序的出现和发展，c.1530–1800

摘要 在 1539 年之前，英格兰和威尔士的公路改善（除清除非法障碍物外）仅在经过令人满意的调查后获得官方许可才能实现。《大宪章》第 39 章记载“任何自由人都不应……被……歧视……除非被……国家法律”，但在 1530 年代其他广泛的改革之后，随着人们对共同福利和利益的意识日益增强，出于“改善”的愿望，议会通过调整“土地法”、行使特权并通过法令授予强制购买土地的权力，克服了经济基础设施发展的这一障碍。在这种情况下，它是用于埃克塞特的河流航行，直到 1662 年才将电力扩展到道路。补偿总是要支付的，但立法很少规定明确直接购买永久业权。议会愿意将这些权力授予受托人或其他公共机构，或者实际上授予个人，但前提是认为这样做符合公共利益。