ABSTRACT

This work analyses the process of securitisation on the African continent in the 21st century. After experiencing a process of international marginalisation during the 1980s and 1990s Africa has become increasingly important in the international arena since the early 2000s. Following the 11 September 2001 attacks on the US, the continent has been incorporated into international efforts to combat terrorism, first embodied in the US ‘Global War on Terror’, thereby undergoing a process of securitisation. Following a brief historical overview of the continent's position on the international scene, analysis is divided into three parts. First, the Copenhagen School’s theory on securitisation is briefly discussed. Securitisation thus defined and conceptualised is then analysed in the context of the situations in the Gulf of Guinea and in the Horn of Africa during the first decades of the 21st century. Finally, the article synthesises these points, considering the interests involved in the securitisation of Africa and positing that these developments are an attempt to entrench the position of securitising actors, as well as counterbalance the presence of external emerging powers on the continent.

摘要

这项工作分析了21世纪非洲大陆的证券化过程。在经历了1980年代和1990年代的国际边缘化进程之后，非洲从2000年代初开始在国际舞台上变得越来越重要。在2001年9月11日对美国发动袭击之后，该大陆已被纳入国际反恐努力之中，最初体现在美国的“全球反恐战争”中，从而经历了证券化进程。在对非洲大陆在国际舞台上的位置进行简要的历史回顾之后，分析分为三个部分。首先，简要讨论哥本哈根学派的证券化理论。然后根据21世纪前几十年几内亚湾和非洲之角的局势，对如此定义和概念化的证券化进行了分析。最后，本文综合考虑了非洲证券化所涉及的利益，并提出了这些观点，并认为这些事态发展旨在巩固证券化参与者的地位，并平衡非洲大陆上新兴新兴大国的存在。