ABSTRACT

This article argues that black men and women activists from the Caribbean and South America made key contributions to the US abolitionist, civil rights and women’s rights campaigns in the mid-nineteenth century. It does so by examining three case studies of Boston and New York-based activists from Brazil, Haiti and Jamaica. Using diverse primary sources from across the Americas, including court transcripts, abolitionist society minutes, and newspaper correspondence, it also demonstrates how these activists created unique inter-American dialogues on slavery, emancipation, segregation, racism, and gender between black communities in the Americas. In doing so, this article challenges current Anglo-American and North Atlantic biases in the historiography of transnational black abolitionism and civil rights, and instead shifts our attention to the inter-American sphere of black activism. Lastly, it also contributes to discussions around silence in the study of black activists during this period.

摘要

本文认为，加勒比和南美洲的黑人男女活动家为 19 世纪中叶的美国废奴运动、民权运动和妇女权利运动做出了重要贡献。它通过研究来自巴西、海地和牙买加的波士顿和纽约活动家的三个案例研究来做到这一点。使用来自美洲各地的各种主要来源，包括法庭记录、废奴主义社会会议纪要和报纸信件，它还展示了这些活动家如何在美洲黑人社区之间就奴隶制、解放、种族隔离、种族主义和性别建立独特的美洲对话. 为此，本文挑战了当前在跨国黑人废奴主义和民权史学中的英美和北大西洋偏见，而是将我们的注意力转移到美洲黑人激进主义领域。最后，它也有助于讨论这一时期黑人活动家研究中的沉默。