Abstract There is a growing body of literature that recognises the relationship between verbal argument alternations such as passives and anticausatives. However, alternation types in Bantu languages have been treated in a rather fragmented way. In addition, the relationship between passive and anticausative constructions with regard to the realisation of an implicit external argument poses a challenge to the study of argument alternations within and across languages. The present article examines the morphosyntactic and lexical-semantic properties of passive and anticausative constructions in Kiwoso (Bantu), invoking different combinations of Voice, vCAUS and Root, as assumed in the syntactic decomposition approach. The properties of change of state verbs in licensing the anticausative and passive alternations form an integral part of this article. This article argues that the passive and anticausative in Kiwoso are distinguished on the basis of a Voice functional head, which determines the nature of events expressed by passive and anticausative verb constructions. The distinction between the (non-) occurrence of na- and ko-phrases in Kiwoso provides diagnostic evidence for this property.

中文翻译：

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被动和反因果结构：语素语法和词汇语义接口的新视角

摘要越来越多的文献认识到口头论证交替之间的关系，例如被动和反因果关系。但是，班图语中的交替类型已被以零散的方式处理。另外，就隐性外部论证的实现而言，被动和反因果关系之间的关系对语言内和跨语言论证交替的研究提出了挑战。本文研究了句法分解方法中假定的Voice，vCAUS和Root的不同组合，从而研究了Kiwoso（班图语）中被动和反因果结构的形态句法和词汇语义特征。状态动词的变化在许可使用因果交替和被动交替时的性质构成了本文的组成部分。本文认为，基沃索语中的被动和反因果关系是基于语音功能头来区分的，后者决定了被动和反因果动词结构所表达的事件的性质。Kiwoso中的（n）和（n）短语之间的区别为该特性提供了诊断依据。