ABSTRACT

With the formation of Major League Soccer (MLS) in 1996 the United States joined the soccer world by featuring a profession league on the very top of its soccer pyramid. However, over the past 25 years, MLS has encountered two formidable obstacle in its navigating treacherous waters. On the one side it faced the Scylla of the Big Four North American sports leagues that have created a sports culture that MLS entered but could not fully embrace; and on the other side MLS encountered the Charybdis of the global soccer world’s very own culture which MLS had to address and accord special attention. The paper highlights the tension that MLS has faced throughout its existence.

摘要

随着1996年成立美国职业足球大联盟（MLS），美国加入了足球界，在其足球金字塔的最顶端设有职业联赛。然而，在过去的25年中，MLS在其险恶的航海中遇到了两个巨大的障碍。一方面，它面对北美四大体育联盟的赛拉（Scylla），这些联盟创造了一种体育文化，但美国劳工部（MLS）进入了体育文化，但未能完全接受。另一方面，MLS遇到了全球足球世界自己的文化的Charybdis，MLS必须解决并给予特别关注。该论文强调了MLS在其整个生存过程中所面临的张力。