ABSTRACT The article explores a community that, in large part did not experience the atrocities of the Holocaust, but were nevertheless affected by it. The personal and communal impact of the Holocaust found its expression in a number of cultural ventures. Drawing on previously unused archival material from the Finnish Jewish Archives (found at the National Archives of Finland) and the YIVO Archives, I will demonstrate that, while avoiding the public eye, the Helsinki Jewish community sought and found many ways to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust within their own communal spaces. My focus will be on a Yiddish pageant called Mother Rachel and her children written by Helsinki-born Jac Weinstein (1883–1976). This play depicts the two-thousand-year-long suffering of the Jewish people culminating in the death camps of the Third Reich. Weinstein’s pageant draws attention to the early years of Holocaust commemoration, its significance and its evolution in a country that was de facto allied with Nazi Germany in 1941–1944 and after the war fell into the Soviet Union’s sphere of interest. This unknown chapter in the history of Finnish Jews and Finland in general, speaks also to wider issues of Holocaust remembrance in immediate post-war Jewish communities, to questions about when and how the commemoration should take place and who should be commemorated.

中文翻译：

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“雷切尔母亲和她的孩子”：意第绪语中的艺术表现和芬兰大屠杀的早期纪念

摘要 本文探讨了一个社区，该社区在很大程度上没有经历过大屠杀的暴行，但仍然受到了大屠杀的影响。大屠杀的个人和社区影响在许多文化事业中得到体现。利用芬兰犹太档案馆（在芬兰国家档案馆找到）和 YIVO 档案馆以前未使用的档案材料，我将证明，在避开公众视线的同时，赫尔辛基犹太社区寻求并​​找到了许多纪念受害者的方法。大屠杀在他们自己的公共空间内。我的重点将放在由赫尔辛基出生的 Jac Weinstein（1883-1976）撰写的名为“雷切尔母亲和她的孩子”的意第绪语选美比赛上。这部戏剧描绘了犹太人在第三帝国的死亡集中营中经历了长达两千年的苦难。温斯坦的盛会让人们关注大屠杀纪念活动的早年、其重要性及其在 1941 年至 1944 年与纳粹德国事实上结盟且战后落入苏联利益范围的国家中的演变。芬兰犹太人和整个芬兰历史上的这一不为人知的篇章也谈到了战后犹太社区中更广泛的大屠杀纪念问题，以及有关纪念活动何时以及如何进行以及应该纪念谁的问题。