ABSTRACT Britain and Canada, two major nuclear Cold War actors, refrained from establishing close nuclear ties with Israel from 1958 to 1974, despite Israel’s consistent interest in importing civilian nuclear technology. This was true both before and after the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty came into force in 1970, even though the treaty allowed for the export of safeguarded nuclear reactors. In comparison, the other two leading nuclear exporters of the period, France and the United States, were much more involved in the initial stages of the Israeli nuclear programme, exporting research reactors to Israel in the 1950s. How did Britain and Canada view Israel’s military and civilian nuclear programme from 1958 to 1974? How did they form their nuclear export policy towards Israel and what considerations motivated them? This analysis examines these questions using archival material from British and Canadian archives.

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“当猪飞”：英国、加拿大和对以色列的核出口，1958-1974

摘要 英国和加拿大这两个主要的核冷战参与者在 1958 年至 1974 年间没有与以色列建立密切的核关系，尽管以色列一直对进口民用核技术感兴趣。核不扩散条约于 1970 年生效之前和之后都是如此，即使该条约允许出口受保护的核反应堆。相比之下，这一时期的另外两个主要核出口国法国和美国更多地参与了以色列核计划的初始阶段，在 1950 年代向以色列出口研究反应堆。从 1958 年到 1974 年，英国和加拿大如何看待以色列的军用和民用核计划？他们是如何形成对以色列的核出口政策的，他们的动机是什么？该分析使用来自英国和加拿大档案馆的档案材料来检查这些问题。