ABSTRACT German security and defence policy has undergone substantial transformation. This transformation requires an unprecedented level of political leadership, suggesting that Germany needs to solve the dilemma of how to supply leadership to increasingly demanding partners. What are the conditions under which German leadership can unfold in security and defence policy? To what degree do German role-conceptions of international agency and role-expectations of German leadership coincide? What kind of leadership outputs are produced? This study offers a comprehensive analysis of German security and defence policy in terms of supply (role conceptions) and demand (role expectations). We outline three leadership role conceptions present in the German strategic debate, which we then assess in the context of the Wendtian theory of cultures of anarchy. We then analyse Berlin's leadership in terms of outputs via the case study on Anchor Army and the Framework Nations Concept. We conclude that while Germany has tried to match leadership role expectations both rhetorically and in action, Berlin's leadership inputs have so far been insufficient. This has led to an imbalance in terms of role conceptions and expectations hampering effective German leadership in security and defence policy.

中文翻译：

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洛克世界中康德式权力的斗争——德国在安全和国防政策方面的领导地位

摘要 德国的安全与国防政策发生了实质性的转变。这种转变需要前所未有的政治领导水平，这表明德国需要解决如何向要求越来越高的合作伙伴提供领导权的困境。在什么条件下，德国领导层可以在安全和国防政策中发挥作用？德国的国际代理角色概念与德国领导的角色期望在多大程度上重合？产生了什么样的领导力产出？本研究从供给（角色概念）和需求（角色期望）方面对德国安全和国防政策进行了全面分析。我们概述了德国战略辩论中出现的三个领导角色概念，然后我们在温德无政府状态文化理论的背景下对其进行了评估。然后，我们通过锚定军队和框架国家概念的案例研究，分析柏林在产出方面的领导地位。我们得出的结论是，虽然德国在言辞和行动上都试图满足领导角色的期望，但柏林的领导投入迄今为止还不够。这导致角色概念和期望方面的不平衡阻碍了德国在安全和国防政策方面的有效领导。