This article examines the role of the penalty of ‘loss of civil rights’ during the so-called treason trials – the Norwegian authorities’ reckoning with wartime collaborators after 1945. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the penalty had grown out of fashion for being out of line with ‘modern’ punitive theory. But during the occupation, the Norwegian exile government and resistance revisited the penalty ahead of their planned ‘reckoning’ with Nazi collaborators and significantly expanded its scope. The wartime provisions concerning the loss of civil rights were draconian. However, they were never fully implemented following the liberation. This article argues that for policymakers, the penalty of ‘loss of civil rights’ had ‘two lives’: during the war, they relied on it to signal to the Norwegian population that collaborators would be punished harshly, which they hoped would help prevent popular violence following a liberation. But after the war, political pragmatism, economic necessity, and an increasing desire for national reconciliation were key motivations for the government to begin ameliorating the effects of the penalty. The article demonstrates how the official handling of the penalty of ‘loss of civil rights’ points to the ways that the rationales for the punishment of collaborators during the treason trials changed over time.

中文翻译：

---

公民流放者——1945 年至 1953 年挪威叛国罪审判期间“丧失公民权利”的惩罚

本文考察了在所谓的叛国罪审判中“丧失公民权利”惩罚的作用——挪威当局在 1945 年之后对战时合作者的清算。在 20 世纪初，这种惩罚已经过时了与“现代”惩罚理论不符。但在占领期间，挪威流亡政府和抵抗运动在计划与纳粹合作者“清算”之前重新审视了惩罚，并显着扩大了惩罚范围。关于丧失公民权利的战时规定是严厉的。然而，解放后从未完全实施。这篇文章认为，对于决策者来说，“丧失公民权利”的惩罚有“两条生命”：在战争期间，他们依靠它向挪威民众发出信号，表示合作者将受到严厉惩罚，他们希望这有助于防止解放后的民众暴力行为。但战后，政治实用主义、经济必要性和日益增长的民族和解愿望是政府开始改善惩罚效果的关键动机。文章论证了官方对“丧失公民权利”处罚的处理方式，指出了叛国罪审判中对合作者进行处罚的理由随着时间的推移而变化的方式。对民族和解的日益增长的愿望是政府开始改善惩罚效果的主要动机。文章论证了官方对“丧失公民权利”处罚的处理方式，指出了叛国罪审判中对合作者进行处罚的理由随着时间的推移而变化的方式。对民族和解的日益增长的愿望是政府开始改善惩罚效果的主要动机。文章论证了官方对“丧失公民权利”处罚的处理方式，指出了叛国罪审判中对合作者进行处罚的理由随着时间的推移而变化的方式。