Abstract The cultural democratization of post-Franco Spain meant the removal of the division between high and low culture. Such democratization of Spanish culture meant a new concept of culture in which, as stated by the postmodern motto, “everything goes,” and that in television translated as the proliferation of reality shows and trash TV and in literature as non-intellectual publications aimed at entertaining readers. Belén Esteban's work Ambiciones y reflexiones (2013) is a good example. I make use of this work to prove that what has traditionally been considered as “low culture” is not necessarily a culture inferior to “high culture” in Spain today. Thus I underline the necessity of replacing the term “low culture” or counterculture for “postculture.” The methodology I utilize is made up mostly of the critical theories of Helen Graham and Jo Labanyi regarding the dichotomy between high and low culture, Cristina Moreiras-Menor's postulate about the need for accepting show culture and consumer culture in Spain due to the split with the dictatorial past this culture signifies, and Mario Vargas Llosa’s rejection of present-day mass culture, a rejection that the aforementioned theorists challenge. Additionally, I support my study with José Álvarez-Junco's premises regarding the difficulty of defining national identity, a crucial topic in Ambiciones y reflexiones and which is related to the high/low culture dichotomy. Luis Moreno-Caballud’s criticism about democracy and its meaning in our neoliberal cultural market complements the critical methodology of this analysis.

中文翻译：

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Radiografía de la poscultura española: Ambiciones y reflexiones (2013) de Belén Esteban

摘要 后佛朗哥时代的西班牙文化民主化意味着消除了高低文化的分界线。西班牙文化的这种民主化意味着一种新的文化概念，正如后现代格言所说，“一切都会过去”，在电视中被翻译为真人秀和垃圾电视的激增，在文学中被翻译为非智力出版物，旨在娱乐读者。Belén Esteban 的作品 Ambiciones y reflexiones (2013) 就是一个很好的例子。我利用这项工作来证明，传统上被认为是“低级文化”的文化在今天的西班牙不一定低于“高雅文化”。因此，我强调有必要将“低级文化”或反文化一词替换为“后文化”。” 我使用的方法论主要由 Helen Graham 和 Jo Labanyi 关于高低文化二分法的批判理论组成，Cristina Moreiras-Menor 关于西班牙需要接受表演文化和消费文化的假设是由于与过去这种文化的独裁意味着，而马里奥·巴尔加斯·略萨对当今大众文化的拒绝，也是上述理论家所挑战的拒绝。此外，我支持我与 José Álvarez-Junco 关于定义民族身份的困难的前提的研究，这是 Ambiciones y reflexiones 中的一个关键主题，并且与高/低文化二分法有关。Luis Moreno-Caballud 对民主及其在我们新自由主义文化市场中的意义的批评补充了这种分析的批判方法。