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Insights into Lake Baikal's ancient populations based on genetic evidence from the Early Neolithic Shamanka II and Early Bronze Age Kurma XI cemeteries
Archaeological Research in Asia Pub Date : 2021-01-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ara.2020.100238
N.M. Moussa , H.G. McKenzie , V.I. Bazaliiskii , O.I. Goriunova , F. Bamforth , A.W. Weber

Although previous ancient DNA research has contributed to the investigation of middle Holocene culture history and population dynamics in the Cis-Baikal, most of this work has been limited to the Angara valley and southwest Baikal, with only restricted genetic analysis of skeletal materials from the Little Sea microregion. In this paper, we expand upon initial findings by analyzing new mtDNA results from the EN/EBA Kurma XI cemetery (Little Sea area) and the EN Shamanka II cemetery (southwest Baikal). Our results not only contribute to the regional dataset, but also challenge previous findings. First, haplogroup Z was found for the first time in the ancient population of Cis-Baikal. Second, our data provide tentative support for the idea that an exogamous and/or patrilocal marriage pattern might be detectable at the Early Bronze Age cemetery Kurma XI. Third, our results indicate that the EN population of Cis-Baikal may not be as homogeneous in maternal origin as was previously suggested. Similarly, there seems to be less continuity between the Late Neolithic and Early Bronze age samples than previously thought, which further justifies the separation of these groups for future analyses. Finally, our data indicate that the maternal genetic background of the Early Bronze Age sample from Kurma XI is closer to that of known Early Neolithic groups than it is to those from the Late Neolithic or Early Bronze Age. This observation is surprising and, if correct, would seem to directly contradict the previous suggestion of a Middle Neolithic genetic discontinuity. These new findings complicate our understanding of the relationships between middle Holocene populations in the Cis-Baikal.



中文翻译:

基于新石器时代早期的萨满卡二世和青铜时代的库尔玛十一世墓地的遗传证据,洞悉贝加尔湖的古代人口

尽管以前的古代DNA研究为顺贝加尔湖的中全新世文化历史和种群动态的研究做出了贡献,但大部分工作仅限于安加拉河谷和贝加尔湖西南部,仅对Little的骨骼材料进行了有限的遗传分析海洋微区。在本文中,我们通过分析EN / EBA Kurma XI公墓(小海地区)和EN Shamanka II公墓(西南贝加尔湖)的新mtDNA结果,扩展了最初的发现。我们的结果不仅有助于区域数据集,而且对先前的发现提出了挑战。首先,单倍群Z是在古代的Cis-Baikal人口中首次发现的。第二,我们的数据为以下观点提供了初步的支持:在青铜时代早期的墓地Kurma XI可以发现外婚和/或祖父母的婚姻模式。第三,我们的结果表明,顺式贝加尔湖的EN人口可能不像以前所建议的那样在母体来源上同质。同样,新石器时代晚期和青铜时代早期样本之间的连续性似乎比以前认为的要少,这进一步证明了将这些组分开以进行将来的分析是合理的。最后,我们的数据表明,库尔玛十一世早期青铜时代样本的母亲遗传背景比新石器时代晚期或青铜时代早期的母亲的遗传背景更接近已知的新石器时代的人群。这种观察是令人惊讶的,如果正确的话,似乎与先前提出的新石器时代中期遗传不连续性的建议相矛盾。这些新发现使我们对Cis-Baikal中全新世种群之间的关系的理解更加复杂。

更新日期:2021-02-12
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