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Authorizing geographical knowledge: John Arrowsmith, mapmaking and the mid nineteenth-century British Empire
Journal of Historical Geography ( IF 1.031 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jhg.2020.04.003
Johanna Skurnik

Abstract This article examines how the prominent mapmaker, engraver and publisher John Arrowsmith (1790–1873) functioned as a geographical authority in the mid nineteenth-century British Empire. Through previously unexamined archival material I analyse Arrowsmith’s close relationship with the Colonial Office and consider his semi-official position as a mapmaker to the British Empire. I analyse Arrowsmith’s cartographic credibility and the power of maps through a case study focusing on Australind, a private colonization venture targeted at Western Australia in 1840. I analyse the ‘social life’ of a map Arrowsmith supplied for the Western Australian Company largely based on explorer George Grey’s information by examining its contested epistemological status in the Australian colonies. Using literature on trust, authority and the social histories of maps, this article highlights the mutability and spatial contingency of the power of maps and their makers in imperial and colonial knowledge-making. By studying the map’s shifting position in the processes of truth-making in the metropolis and the Australian colonies I contribute to growing literature on the processual nature of maps. Importantly, I demonstrate how maps like Arrowsmith’s not only contributed to the popular imagination of empire at home but were documents of indirect agency as the British invaded and explored different parts of the world.

中文翻译:

授权地理知识:约翰·阿罗史密斯,地图制作和 19 世纪中叶大英帝国

摘要 本文考察了著名的制图师、雕刻师和出版商约翰·阿罗史密斯(John Arrowsmith,1790-1873 年)如何在 19 世纪中叶的大英帝国中发挥地理权威的作用。通过以前未经审查的档案材料,我分析了阿罗史密斯与殖民办公室的密切关系,并考虑了他作为大英帝国制图师的半官方地位。我通过一个案例研究分析了阿罗史密斯的制图可信度和地图的力量,澳大利亚是 1840 年针对西澳大利亚的私人殖民企业。我分析了阿罗史密斯为西澳大利亚公司提供的地图的“社会生活”,主要基于探险家乔治格雷的信息通过检查其在澳大利亚殖民地有争议的认识论地位。使用有关信任的文献,权威和地图的社会历史,这篇文章强调了地图及其制作者在帝国和殖民知识创造中的力量的可变性和空间偶然性。通过研究地图在大都市和澳大利亚殖民地真相制定过程中的位置变化,我为越来越多的关于地图过程性质的文献做出了贡献。重要的是,我展示了像阿罗史密斯 (Arrowsmith) 这样的地图如何不仅促进了国内对帝国的普遍想象,而且是英国入侵和探索世界不同地区时间接代理的文件。通过研究地图在大都市和澳大利亚殖民地真相制定过程中的位置变化,我为越来越多的关于地图过程性质的文献做出了贡献。重要的是,我展示了像阿罗史密斯 (Arrowsmith) 这样的地图如何不仅促进了国内对帝国的普遍想象,而且是英国入侵和探索世界不同地区时间接代理的文件。通过研究地图在大都市和澳大利亚殖民地真相制定过程中的位置变化,我为越来越多的关于地图过程性质的文献做出了贡献。重要的是,我展示了像阿罗史密斯 (Arrowsmith) 这样的地图如何不仅促进了国内对帝国的普遍想象,而且是英国入侵和探索世界不同地区时间接代理的文件。
更新日期:2020-07-01
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