ABSTRACT This paper examines the role of illicit networks and associations in a corrupt exchange in contemporary Italy with the aim of better understanding the mechanisms of corruption. A social network analysis was conducted to explore the Big Events affair and the scandal concerning the School of Carabinieri officers in Florence. Much attention is focused on the actors, structures and informal norms that characterise the corrupt exchange with the aim of comprehending how the network sustains such exchange. Our goal is to identify the most powerful nodes and actors by determining their authority in the network, understanding the role of illicit associations (cricche) in sustaining the exchange and identifying the actors who control the informal norms.

中文翻译：

---

腐败交易中的网络和非法社团：代表意大利的明胶系统

摘要本文研究了非法网络和社团在当代意大利腐败交流中的作用，目的是更好地了解腐败的机制。进行了社交网络分析，以探索大事件和有关佛罗伦萨Carabinieri军官学校的丑闻。许多注意力集中在表征腐败交流的行为者，结构和非正式规范上，目的是理解网络如何维持这种交流。我们的目标是通过确定网络中最强大的节点和参与者，确定它们的权威，了解非法协会（礼节）在维持交流中的作用，并确定控制非正式规范的参与者。