ABSTRACT

Research has shown health and economic benefits to having access to paid family and medical leave, yet eligibility requirements restrict coverage. The impact and variation of these requirements across countries have not been studied. This study addresses this gap using original data on legislated tenure requirements and worker tenure as reported in national household surveys from countries in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to estimate the percentage of workers who would not be eligible for paid leave benefits because of tenure requirements. As the need for different types of leave varies over the life course, ineligibility rates are estimated by age. Findings show that across all types of leave, younger workers (age 20–29 years) were substantially less likely to be eligible than older workers, and that rates of ineligibility declined consistently with each five-year increase in age. This study highlights the important health and economic implications of policy design decisions that can exclude vulnerable sectors of the population.

摘要

研究表明，享有带薪家庭假和病假的健康和经济利益，但资格要求限制了覆盖范围。尚未研究这些要求在全国范围内的影响和差异。这项研究使用经济合作与发展组织（OECD）国家进行的国家家庭调查中报告的有关法定任期要求和工人任期的原始数据来解决这一差距，以估计由于以下原因而无法获得带薪休假福利的工人百分比任期要求。由于在整个人生过程中需要不同类型的假期，因此不合格率是按年龄估算的。研究结果表明，在所有类型的请假中，年轻工人（年龄在20-29岁之间）的资格比老年工人要低得多，而且随着年龄的每五年增加，不合格率不断下降。这项研究强调了政策设计决策的重要健康和经济影响，这些决策可以排除人口中的弱势群体。