Levantine adaptive water subsistence and exploitative water management studies concerning late pre- and proto-history have intensified since 2000. This comes in the wake of findings concerning domestic water (e.g., groundwater wells and surface irrigation systems) in particular in the eastern Mediterranean basin. Excavations conducted over the last 15 years on Israel's central coastal plain revealed several clusters of anthropogenic, vertical, narrow, deep shafts, apparently disassociated from contemporary settlement or burial localities. The shafts were cut through local kurkar and/or hamra soils. Despite their seemingly isolated, open-space locations within the settlement landscape, the shaft fills yielded a rich, albeit secondary source of typical settlement waste, consisting mostly of discarded pottery vessels, chipped- and ground-stone tools, and faunal remains. All these remains date exclusively to within the Late Chalcolithic period (LC1), contemporary with and relatable to the Beer Sheva aspect of the period (c. 4200 cal BC-3900 cal BC). This paper reviews the current state of research vis à vis these shafts in the eastern Mediterranean basin, in an attempt to integrate the recently recorded phenomenon of Late Chalcolithic shaft clusters in Israel's central coastal plain, into the framework of artificial groundwater wells from the early Pre-Pottery Neolithic through the Late Chalcolithic periods.

自2000年以来，有关晚期史前和原始史的黎凡特适应性水生存和开发性水管理研究得到加强。这是在有关生活用水（例如，地下水井和地表灌溉系统）的发现之后，特别是在地中海东部地区出现的。在过去的15年中，对以色列中部沿海平原进行的发掘显示，有几类人为的，垂直的，狭窄的深井筒，显然与当代定居点或埋葬场所无关。竖井穿过当地的库尔卡和/或哈姆拉土壤。尽管在定居景观中看似孤立，空旷的地方，竖井填充物还是产生了丰富的，尽管是典型定居废物的次要来源，但主要是由丢弃的陶器组成，碎石工具和磨石工具，以及动物遗骸。所有这些遗迹仅可追溯至石器时代晚期（LC1），与该时期的比尔·谢瓦（Beer Sheva）时代具有现代意义并相关（C。4200 cal BC-3900 cal BC）。本文回顾了地中海东部盆地对这些竖井的研究现状，试图将最近记录的以色列中部沿海平原的晚石器时代竖井团簇现象整合到早前的人工地下水井的框架中。 -新石器时代晚期的陶器时代的陶器。