ABSTRACT

The racial census carried out by the fascist regime on 22 August 1938, represented the first act of discrimination towards the minority Jewish population in Italy. By means of an analysis of newly discovered archive sources regarding the city of Milan, this paper aims to reconstruct the endeavour, retracing the steps and going over the consequences. Furthermore, it aims to reconstruct the characteristics pertaining to the Jewish community in Milan. The census was an abrupt turning point both in the lives of individuals and in the history of the Kingdom of Italy. As the first collection of data based on the criteria of belonging to the so-called Jewish race, the census of 1938 was the preliminary and introductory act for what would be the largest persecutory action officially taken by the Fascist regime towards the Italian Jewish population. This was enacted through the royal decree law no. 1728 on 17 November 1938. The data collected for the census, were used by the fascist regime in order to have a general overview of the Italian Jewish population, as well as to put in place all persecutory operations leading to arrests and deportations to Nazi extermination camps.

摘要

法西斯政权于 1938 年 8 月 22 日进行的种族人口普查是对意大利少数犹太人口的第一次歧视行为。通过对新发现的有关米兰市的档案资源的分析，本文旨在重建努力，追溯步骤并回顾结果。此外，它旨在重建与米兰犹太社区有关的特征。无论是个人生活还是意大利王国的历史，人口普查都是一个突然的转折点。1938 年的人口普查是首次根据属于所谓的犹太人种族的标准收集数据，这是法西斯政权对意大利犹太人人口正式采取的最大迫害行动的初步和介绍性行为。这是通过第 1 号皇家法令颁布的。1728 年，1938 年 11 月 17 日。为人口普查收集的数据被法西斯政权用来全面了解意大利犹太人口，并实施所有导致逮捕和驱逐到纳粹灭绝的迫害行动营地。