ABSTRACT

This paper takes a bottom-up look at Cluniac integration in the decades either side of the year 1100 in order to explore the diverse institutional, contextual and personal dynamics at play. Taking as its case study the French diocese of Saintes, it charts the transformation of the ecclesia Cluniacensis, the impact on relations with monastic houses in the region and the response by diverse stakeholders. Local groups of monks and their patrons actively participated in the ongoing integration of monastic administration, facilitating the exchange of personnel and know-how. But they also expected these processes to be subject to negotiation and compromise, and when the Cluniacs challenged these expectations the destabilising effect on Saintes society was profound. As such, this study helps to adjust a former narrative that contrasted the Cluniacs’ reform of monastic administration in this period with the resistant attitude of individual communities and their local patrons.

摘要

本文以自下而上的方式研究了1100年代左右十年中的Cluniac整合，以探索各种制度，背景和个人动态。以法国Saintes教区为例，它绘制了Cluniacensis教会的转型，对与该地区修道院房屋关系的影响以及各利益相关方的回应。当地的僧侣团体及其赞助人积极参与了正在进行的寺院管理工作，以促进人员和知识的交流。但是他们也希望这些过程能够进行谈判和妥协，当“朝圣者”挑战这些期望时，对Saintes社会的破坏性影响是深远的。因此，这项研究有助于调整以前的叙述，该叙述将克卢尼厄斯在这一时期的寺院管理改革与个别社区及其当地顾客的抵制态度形成鲜明对比。