ABSTRACT

In Kazakhstan, the development of a tourism sector that highlights the repressive historical period of Soviet domination is limited. This study investigates the managerial practices of the conservation, visualisation and interpretation of Gulag heritage for tourism development at Kazakhstani museums from a multi-stakeholder perspective. A qualitative case study research approach based on interviews with museum management, policymakers, NGOs, tour operators and historians of the Kazakhstani Gulags is adopted to examine stakeholders’ positions on practice. Various development and planning implications are identified: increase the cooperation between stakeholders for proactive cooperative fundraising for commercialisation and conservation of sites; and the need to consider the centrality of visual imagery in museum interpretation and initial multimedia development.

摘要

在哈萨克斯坦，凸显苏联统治的高压历史时期的旅游业发展有限。本研究从多利益相关者的角度调查了哈萨克斯坦博物馆为促进旅游发展而保护、可视化和解释古拉格遗产的管理实践。采用基于对哈萨克斯坦古拉格博物馆管理人员、政策制定者、非政府组织、旅游经营者和历史学家的访谈的定性案例研究方法来审查利益相关者在实践中的立场。确定了各种发展和规划影响：加强利益攸关方之间的合作，为遗址商业化和保护积极合作筹款；以及需要考虑视觉图像在博物馆解释和最初的多媒体开发中的中心地位。