ABSTRACT According to practice engagement theory within the field of adult education, everyday workplace activities offer an opportunity for skill development among youth and young adults; yet, prior research highlights the prevalence of routine and low-skill work within entry-level jobs. Utilising data from the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC), the objective of the following study is to demonstrate how workplace literacy, numeracy, and problem-solving activities differ among people aged 16 to 34 in Canada. Latent class analysis provides a typology of literacy, numeracy, and problem-solving activities at work and generates insight into how socio-demographic and employment factors are associated with each group. The findings highlight that employment cannot be uniformly characterised as low-skill. Rather, there are unique employment groups with differing literacy, numeracy, and problem-solving activity characteristics. Nevertheless, socio-demographic factors do matter for gaining access to employment that involves daily skill-based activities. While age, parental education, immigration background, and education level are significantly associated with the latent classes, economic and employment characteristics reduce the magnitude of these associations. Together, the results suggest that access to skill-based activities at work are more or less accessible for certain groups and connect to other aspects of early-career job quality and occupational segregation.

中文翻译：

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就业种类：加拿大青年和年轻人工作中基于技能的活动的比较

摘要 根据成人教育领域的实践参与理论，日常工作场所活动为青年和年轻人的技能发展提供了机会；然而，先前的研究强调了入门级工作中常规和低技能工作的普遍性。利用国际成人能力评估计划 (PIAAC) 的数据，以下研究的目的是展示加拿大 16 至 34 岁人群在工作场所识字、计算和解决问题的活动方面有何不同。潜在类别分析提供了工作中的识字、算术和解决问题活动的类型，并深入了解社会人口和就业因素如何与每个群体相关联。调查结果强调，就业不能被统一定性为低技能。相当，存在具有不同识字、算术和解决问题活动特征的独特就业群体。然而，社会人口因素对于获得涉及日常技能活动的就业确实很重要。虽然年龄、父母教育、移民背景和教育水平与潜在阶层显着相关，但经济和就业特征降低了这些关联的程度。总之，结果表明，某些群体或多或少可以在工作中获得基于技能的活动，并与早期职业生涯的工作质量和职业隔离的其他方面有关。社会人口因素对于获得涉及日常技能活动的就业确实很重要。虽然年龄、父母教育、移民背景和教育水平与潜在阶层显着相关，但经济和就业特征降低了这些关联的程度。总之，结果表明，某些群体或多或少可以在工作中获得基于技能的活动，并与早期职业工作质量和职业隔离的其他方面有关。社会人口因素对于获得涉及日常技能活动的就业确实很重要。虽然年龄、父母教育、移民背景和教育水平与潜在阶层显着相关，但经济和就业特征降低了这些关联的程度。总之，结果表明，某些群体或多或少可以在工作中获得基于技能的活动，并与早期职业工作质量和职业隔离的其他方面有关。