Enrichment of redox-sensitive trace elements in ancient marine shales is conventionally believed to be controlled by marine benthic redox conditions, whereas the influence of hydrographic conditions on trace element enrichment pattern has been rarely considered. Here, we present newly obtained data sets from the Upper Pennsylvanian organic-rich Cline Shale in the Midland Basin, Texas, to illustrate the influence of hydrographic circulation on the trace-element enrichment pattern and the stratigraphic record of mudrocks. Various lithofacies, including siliceous mudrocks, argillaceous mudrocks, skeletal-bearing argillaceous mudrocks, calcareous mudrocks, and wackestone, are identified in the Cline Shale. Significant changes in the trace-element enrichment pattern, mineral composition, texture of framboidal pyrite, and other bulk geochemical parameters in different lithofacies are interpreted to have been caused by high-amplitude and high-frequency glacio-eustatic sea-level oscillations in the silled Midland Basin during the late Paleozoic ice age. Specifically, glacio-eustatic sea-level falls generally resulted in the severe isolation of the Midland Basin from the Panthalassic Ocean, highly restricted hydrographic circulation, long deep-water renewal time, euxinic bottom-water conditions, depleted seawater Mo (molybdenum) in the silled basin, and low sediment Mo/TOC (total organic carbon), coupled with significant extrabasinal detrital quartz input, forming siliceous mudrocks. Enhanced phosphorus cycling and excellent preservation conditions are considered to be responsible for the high TOC observed in siliceous mudrocks. In contrast, glacio-eustatic sea-level rises substantially enhanced water exchange between the basin and the Panthalassic Ocean, created overall suboxic to anoxic bottom-water conditions, resupplied seawater Mo, elevated sediment Mo/TOC, and increased platform carbonate production in the basin, forming calcareous mudrocks and wackestone.

中文翻译：

---

晚古生代冰期米德兰盆地水文限制严重程度的微量元素和岩石学约束

传统上认为，古代海洋页岩中对氧化还原敏感的微量元素的富集受海洋底栖氧化还原条件控制，而很少考虑水文条件对微量元素富集模式的影响。在这里，我们介绍了得克萨斯州米德兰盆地上部宾夕法尼亚州富含有机物的克林页岩的最新数据集，以说明水文循环对痕量元素富集模式和泥岩地层记录的影响。在克林页岩中发现了各种岩相，包括硅质泥岩，泥质泥岩，骨骼骨架的泥质泥岩，钙质泥岩和油泥岩。痕量元素富集模式，矿物质成分，黄铁矿黄铁矿质地，以及不同岩相中的其他大块地球化学参数被认为是由古生代冰期晚期米德兰盆地中的高振幅和高频冰川-欧拉海平面振荡引起的。具体而言，冰川趋于平静的海平面下降通常导致中部盆地与泛撒拉西海严重隔离，水文环流高度受限，深水更新时间长，水体富余水质条件，海藻中的海水耗尽（钼）硅质盆地和低沉积Mo / TOC（总有机碳），再加上大量的基底外碎屑石英输入，形成了硅质泥岩。磷循环的增强和优异的保存条件被认为是硅质泥岩中高TOC的原因。相比之下，