Radiotherapy has been widely used in clinical cancer treatment. However, the ionizing radiation required to kill the tumor will inevitably cause damage to the surrounding normal tissues. To minimize the radiation damage and side effects, small molecular radioprotective agents have been used as clinical adjuvants for radiation protection of healthy tissues. However, the shortcomings of small molecules such as short circulation time and rapid kidney clearance from the body greatly hinder their biomedical applications. In recent years, nanozymes have attracted much attention because of their potential to treat a variety of diseases. Nanozymes exhibit catalytic properties and antioxidant capabilities to provide a potential solution for the development of high-efficiency radioprotective agents in radiotherapy and nuclear radiation accidents. Therefore, in this review, we systematically summarize the catalytic nanozymes used for radiation protection of healthy tissues and discuss the challenges and future prospects of nanomaterials in the field of radiation protection.

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用于辐射防护的催化纳米酶

放射治疗已广泛应用于临床癌症治疗。然而，杀死肿瘤所需的电离辐射不可避免地会对周围的正常组织造成损害。为了最大限度地减少辐射损伤和副作用，小分子辐射防护剂已被用作健康组织辐射防护的临床佐剂。然而，小分子循环时间短、肾脏清除速度快等缺点极大地阻碍了它们的生物医学应用。近年来，纳米酶因其治疗多种疾病的潜力而备受关注。纳米酶具有催化性能和抗氧化能力，为放射治疗和核辐射事故中的高效辐射防护剂的开发提供了潜在的解决方案。所以，