Immunonutrition is one of the most important parts of nutritional treatment in patients with cancer. There are studies which confirm positive effects of using immunonutrition (arginine, glutamine, omega-3 fatty acids, nucleotides, pre- and probiotics) among others on the reduction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines concentrations, shortening of the hospital stay and improvement of the nutritional status. Arginine takes part not only in wound healing process, but also it improves body’s immunity and reduces

the incidence of infections. Glutamine reduces the incidence of acute grade 2 and 3 esophagitis and improves quality of life of gastric cancer patients. Omega 3-fatty acids have the ability to inhibit the activity of NF-B. They also reduce the symptoms of graft-versus-host disease in patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation. Nucleotides support the regeneration of intestinal villi. Probiotics play many roles, mainly inhibit the process of carcinogenesis, reduce the incidence of diarrhea and modify intestinal microbiome. However, there are studies indicating the lack of advantages of using immunonutrition compared to standard nutrition. Currently, there is no clear evidence for the use of formulae enriched with immunonutrients versus standard oral nutritional supplements exclusively in the preoperative period. This review summarizes the current knowledge about the role of immunonutrition in supporting treatment of cancer diseases.

中文翻译：

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免疫营养支持是多学科抗癌治疗的重要组成部分

免疫营养是癌症患者营养治疗中最重要的部分之一。有研究证实使用免疫营养（精氨酸，谷氨酰胺，omega-3脂肪酸，核苷酸，益生菌和益生菌）等对减少促炎性细胞因子浓度，缩短住院时间和改善病情有积极作用。营养状况。精氨酸不仅参与伤口愈合过程，还可以提高人体免疫力并降低

感染的发生率。谷氨酰胺降低了急性2级和3级食管炎的发生率，并改善了胃癌患者的生活质量。欧米茄3-脂肪酸具有抑制NF-κB活性的能力。它们还减少了造血细胞移植患者的移植物抗宿主病症状。核苷酸支持肠绒毛的再生。益生菌发挥着许多作用，主要是抑制癌变过程，减少腹泻的发生率和改变肠道微生物组。但是，有研究表明与标准营养相比，使用免疫营养缺乏优势。目前，尚无明确证据表明术前仅使用富含免疫营养素的配方而非标准口服营养补充剂。