Background

Sleep disorders associated factors are under explored in schizophrenia while the literature suggests high and heterogeneous frequency.

Aims

The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of sleep disorders in the real-world FACE-SZ national cohort.

Method

Stabilized schizophrenic outpatients were recruited in 10 expert centers for schizophrenia. Sleep quality was explored with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and sleep disorders was defined by a PSQI score > 5. Psychosis severity was measured with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, current major depressive episode with the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia, verbal aggressiveness with the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire, adherence to treatment with the Medication Adherence Rating Scale, akathisia with the Barnes Akathisia Scale. Current somatic comorbidities and body mass index were reported. Variables with P values <0.20 in univariate analysis were included in a multivariate regression model.

Results

Of the 562 included patients, 327 subjects (58.2%, IC95% [54.1% - 62.3%]) reported having sleep disorders. After adjustment, sleep disorders were significantly associated with migraine (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 2.23, p = 0.041), major depressive disorder (aOR 1.79, p = 0.030), poor adherence to treatment (aOR = 0.87, p = 0.006), akathisia (aOR = 1.29, p = 0.042) and verbal aggressiveness (aOR = 1.09, p = 0.002).

Conclusions

More than one on two stabilized real-life outpatients with schizophrenia have been identified with sleep disorders. Combined with the literature data, we have yielded expert recommendations for the treatment and prevention of sleep disorders including treating undiagnosed comorbid depression and migraine and managing antipsychotic treatment to improve adherence and akathisia.

中文翻译：

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基于真实世界精神分裂症 FACE-SZ 国家队列结果的精神分裂症专家中心网络对睡眠障碍筛查预防和治疗的建议

背景

精神分裂症的睡眠障碍相关因素正在探索中，而文献表明频率高且异质。

目标

本研究的目的是确定现实世界 FACE-SZ 国家队列中睡眠障碍的患病率和危险因素。

方法

在 10 个精神分裂症专家中心招募了稳定的精神分裂症门诊患者。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 (PSQI) 探索睡眠质量，睡眠障碍由 PSQI 评分 > 5 定义。精神病严重程度使用阳性和阴性症状量表测量，当前重度抑郁发作使用卡尔加里精神分裂症抑郁量表，口​​头Buss-Perry 攻击性问卷的攻击性，药物依从性评定量表的治疗依从性，Barnes 静坐不能量表的静坐不能。报告了当前的躯体合并症和体重指数。单变量分析中P值 <0.20 的变量包含在多变量回归模型中。

结果

在纳入的 562 名患者中，327 名受试者（58.2%，IC95% [54.1% - 62.3%]）报告有睡眠障碍。调整后，睡眠障碍与偏头痛（调整优势比 aOR = 2.23，p  = 0.041）、重度抑郁症（aOR 1.79，p  = 0.030）、治疗依从性差（aOR = 0.87，p  = 0.006）、静坐不能显着相关(aOR = 1.29, p  = 0.042) 和言语攻击性 (aOR = 1.09, p  = 0.002)。

结论

超过一比二的稳定现实生活中的精神分裂症门诊患者被确定患有睡眠障碍。结合文献数据，我们得出了治疗和预防睡眠障碍的专家建议，包括治疗未确诊的共病抑郁症和偏头痛以及管理抗精神病药物治疗以提高依从性和静坐不能。