ABSTRACT

Multiple realization occurs when a natural kind is variably realized at more basic levels and the common physical structure of the realizers is not essential for supporting nomological statements. It has been suggested that this phenomenon may be an outcome of natural selection acting over multiple realizers that perform an adaptive function. In this paper, we make the following contributions. First, we present a revision of this model, characterized by stricter equilibrium conditions and superior explanatory power. Second, we present a typology of multiple realization that provides a plausible account of the differences between across- and within-species multiple realization. Third, we perform a formal analysis of the dynamics of multiple realization that sheds light on the differences between multiple realization at different levels of organization.

摘要

当一种自然类型在更基本的水平上可变地实现并且实现者的共同物理结构对于支持法理陈述不是必需的时，就会发生多重实现。有人提出，这种现象可能是自然选择作用于执行适应性功能的多个实现者的结果。在本文中，我们做出以下贡献。首先，我们提出了这个模型的修订版，其特点是更严格的均衡条件和优越的解释力。其次，我们提出了多重实现的类型学，它为跨物种和物种内多重实现之间的差异提供了一个合理的解释。第三，