ABSTRACT

Research on ostracism overwhelmingly suggests that being ostracized is a painful experience. Much of this research comes from the field of psychology and uses various adaptations of the Cyberball experiment to specifically examine the effects of being ostracized through the Temporal Model of ostracism. As a result, there is much less understanding about how ostracism is communicated interpersonally, the interpretive process of receiving an ostracism message, or the antecedent communication conditions that allow someone to recognize various cues as ostracism. Thus, the purpose of this manuscript was twofold. The first goal was to conduct an extensive review of literature to reveal the discrepancies, variations, and disunity of the operationalization and conceptualization of ostracism related terminology across disciplines and to show how such a landscape has made it difficult for communication scholars to study ostracism as communication. The second goal was to propose a new terminology, interpersonal ostracism messages (IOMs), and to define it in order to fill this gap. By using Expectancy Violations Theory and Relational Dialectics Theory, we further shape the definition of IOMs so that communication researchers can begin focusing on ostracism as an interpersonal communication phenomenon and begin looking beyond the psychological effects of being ostracized.

摘要

对排斥的研究绝大多数表明，被排斥是一种痛苦的经历。这项研究的大部分来自心理学领域，并使用 Cyber​​ball 实验的各种改编来专门检查通过排斥的时间模型被排斥的影响。因此，人们对排斥如何在人际间交流、接收排斥信息的解释过程或允许某人将各种线索识别为排斥的先前交流条件的理解要少得多。因此，这份手稿的目的是双重的。第一个目标是对文献进行广泛的审查，以揭示差异、变化、以及跨学科排斥相关术语的操作化和概念化的不统一，并展示这种情况如何使传播学者难以将排斥作为传播进行研究。第二个目标是提出一个新的术语，即人际排斥信息 (IOM)，并对其进行定义以填补这一空白。通过使用期望违反理论和关系辩证法理论，我们进一步塑造了 IOM 的定义，以便传播研究人员可以开始将排斥作为一种人际交流现象来关注，并开始超越被排斥的心理影响。并对其进行定义以填补这一空白。通过使用期望违反理论和关系辩证法理论，我们进一步塑造了 IOM 的定义，以便传播研究人员可以开始将排斥作为一种人际交流现象来关注，并开始超越被排斥的心理影响。并对其进行定义以填补这一空白。通过使用期望违反理论和关系辩证法理论，我们进一步塑造了 IOM 的定义，以便传播研究人员可以开始将排斥作为一种人际交流现象来关注，并开始超越被排斥的心理影响。