Oaxaca is one of the most diverse states in Mexico from biological and cultural points of view. Different ethnic groups living there maintain deep and ancestral traditional knowledge of medicinal plants as well as traditional practices and beliefs about diseases/illnesses and cures. Previous ethnobotanical research in this state has helped document this knowledge, but with the addition of more studies, more records appear. We updated the inventory of medicinal knowledge between the different ethnic groups that inhabit the Oaxacan territory. A database was constructed from two sources: (1) original data from a 3-year project in 84 municipalities of Oaxaca inhabited by eight ethnic groups and (2) different electronic databases. Records of 1032 medicinal plants were obtained; 164 families were registered, with Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Rubiaceae being the most commonly used. A total of 770 species were reported in 14 vegetation types; the most important species came from temperate forests. Only 144 species corresponded to introduced species, and 272 were listed in a risk category. Illnesses of the digestive and genitourinary systems as well as culture-bound syndromes were treated with high numbers of medicinal plants. The Mestizo, Mixe, Mixtec, and Zapotec ethnic groups exhibited the greatest number of recorded medicinal plants. The 17 species that were used among almost all ethnic groups in Oaxaca were also used to cure the highest number of diseases. Inventories of medicinal plants confirm the persistence of traditional knowledge and reflect the need to recognize and respect this cosmovision. Many species are gathered in wild environments. The most important illnesses or diseases recorded in the present inventory are also mentioned in different studies, suggesting that they are common health problems in the rural communities of Mexico. Medicinal plants are essential for ethnic groups in Oaxaca. It is necessary to recognize and understand the complex ancestral processes involved in the human-nature interaction and the role of these processes in the conservation of biodiversity and in the survivorship of ethnic groups that have persisted for centuries. Finally, this study serves as a wake-up call to respect those worldviews.

中文翻译：

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墨西哥瓦哈卡州用于传统医学的药用植物的实际库存

从生物学和文化的角度来看，瓦哈卡州是墨西哥最多样化的州之一。居住在那里的不同种族群体对药用植物拥有深厚的祖传传统知识，以及对疾病/疾病和治疗的传统习俗和信仰。在此状态下，以前的人类植物学研究已帮助记录了这一知识，但是随着更多研究的开展，出现了更多记录。我们更新了居住在瓦哈卡州不同种族之间的医学知识清单。从两个来源构建了一个数据库：（1）来自瓦哈卡州84个直辖市的三年项目的原始数据，该市有八个族裔居住；以及（2）不同的电子数据库。获得了1032种药用植物的记录。登记了164个科，包括菊科，豆科，最常见的是茜草科。报告了14种植被类型中的770种物种。最重要的物种来自温带森林。只有144种与引入的物种相对应，其中272种被列入风险类别。消化和生殖泌尿系统疾病，以及与培养有关的综合症，已被大量药用植物治疗。Mestizo，Mixe，Mixtec和Zapotec族裔展示了数量最多的药用植物。瓦哈卡州几乎所有种族中使用的17种物种也被用来治愈最多数量的疾病。药用植物清单证实了传统知识的持久性，并反映了认识和尊重这一宇宙观的必要性。许多物种都聚集在野生环境中。在不同的研究中也提到了当前清单中记录的最重要的疾病或疾病，表明它们是墨西哥农村社区常见的健康问题。药用植物对于瓦哈卡州的民族至关重要。有必要认识和理解人与自然相互作用所涉及的复杂祖先过程，以及这些过程在生物多样性保护和族裔生存中的作用，这些过程已经存在了数百年。最后，这项研究是对那些世界观的尊重。有必要认识和理解人与自然相互作用所涉及的复杂祖先过程，以及这些过程在生物多样性保护和族裔生存中的作用，这些过程已经存在了数百年。最后，这项研究是对那些世界观的尊重。有必要认识和理解人与自然相互作用所涉及的复杂祖先过程，以及这些过程在生物多样性保护和族裔生存中的作用，这些过程已经存在了数百年。最后，这项研究是对那些世界观的尊重。