This study investigated the influence of competitive state on cerebral cortex activity of professional shooters with 10 m air rifle before shooting. Generally, professional athletes have higher neural efficiency compared with ordinary people. We recruited 11 national shooters to complete 60 shots under both noncompetitive and competitive shooting conditions, and simultaneously collected their electroencephalogram (EEG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) information. Theta, alpha, and beta power were computed in the last three seconds preceding each shot from average-reference 29-channel EEG, while EEG characteristics under two conditions were analyzed. The results showed a significant linear correlation between shooting accuracy and EEG power of anterior frontal, central, temporal, and occipital regions in beta and theta bands. In addition, the theta power in occipital regions, alpha power in frontal-central and left occipital regions, and beta power in frontal and mid-occipital regions were higher than those in noncompetitive state. However, heart rate (HR) and shooting accuracy did not change significantly under the two conditions. These findings reveal the changes of cortical activity underlying competition shooting as well as providing further understanding of the neural mechanisms of the shooting process and lay a foundation for the subsequent neuromodulation research.

中文翻译：

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竞争状态下专业射手的脑电图活动

这项研究调查了竞争状态对10m气步枪专业射手射击前大脑皮层活动的影响。通常，与普通人相比，职业运动员的神经效率更高。我们招募了11名国家射手在非竞争和竞争射击条件下完成60次射击，同时收集了他们的脑电图（EEG）和心电图（ECG）信息。在平均参考29通道EEG每次拍摄前的最后三秒内计算theta，α和beta功效，同时分析了两种条件下的EEG特性。结果表明，β和θ波段的前额叶，中央，颞叶和枕叶区域的射击准确性与脑电图功率之间存在显着的线性相关性。此外，枕骨区的theta功效，额枕中央和左枕区的α功效，额枕和枕骨中部的β功效均高于非竞争状态。但是，在这两种情况下，心率（HR）和射击准确性没有明显变化。这些发现揭示了竞争射击背后的皮质活动的变化，并提供了对射击过程神经机制的进一步理解，并为随后的神经调节研究奠定了基础。