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The Meaning of Freedom: Slave Self-Purchase and the Making of Free Labour in Martinique
French History ( IF 0.114 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 , DOI: 10.1093/fh/craa048 Elizabeth A Heath 1
中文翻译:
自由的意义:马提尼克岛的奴隶自我购买和自由劳动的产生
更新日期:2020-09-11
French History ( IF 0.114 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-11 , DOI: 10.1093/fh/craa048 Elizabeth A Heath 1
Affiliation
Abstract
This article examines the introduction of legalized slave savings and compulsory slave self-purchase—the pécule légal and rachat forcé—by the Mackau Laws in the French colony of Martinique in the last years of the July Monarchy. Drawing on official correspondence, political debates, published pamphlets and individual cases of slave self-purchase, it examines official efforts to replace a system of bondage rooted in direct, personal domination and explicit violence with a system of colonial labour based on free labour and impersonal social controls. Their efforts were profoundly shaped by two sets of actors: members of the pro-slavery lobby and the enslaved. Together these two groups defined a minimal standard of free labour that would have far-reaching impact on colonial labour policy in the post-emancipation period.
中文翻译:
自由的意义:马提尼克岛的奴隶自我购买和自由劳动的产生
摘要
本文研究了合法的奴隶储蓄和强制性的奴隶自购的引入——peculelégal和rachatforcé由君主立宪制的最后几年在马提尼克岛法国殖民地的Mackau Laws制定。它利用官方信件,政治辩论,已出版的小册子和奴隶自购的个别案例,考察了官方努力,以基于自由劳动和非人身的殖民劳动体系取代植根于直接,个人统治和明示暴力的奴役制度。社会控制。他们的努力受到两类参与者的深刻影响:亲奴隶制游说者和被奴役者。这两个群体共同确定了最低限度的自由劳动标准,这将在解放后的时期对殖民劳工政策产生深远影响。