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Establishment and Maintenance of Neural Circuit Architecture
Journal of Neuroscience ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-10 , DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1143-20.2020
Emily L Heckman 1 , Chris Q Doe 1
Affiliation  

The ability to sense the world, process information, and navigate the environment depends on the assembly and continuous function of neural circuits in the brain. Within the past two decades, new technologies have rapidly advanced our understanding of how neural circuits are wired during development and how they are stably maintained, often for years. Electron microscopy reconstructions of model organism connectomes have provided a map of the stereotyped (and variable) connections in the brain; advanced light microscopy techniques have enabled direct observation of the cellular dynamics that underlie circuit construction and maintenance; transcriptomic and proteomic surveys of both developing and mature neurons have provided insights into the molecular and genetic programs governing circuit establishment and maintenance; and advanced genetic techniques have allowed for high-throughput discovery of wiring regulators. These tools have empowered scientists to rapidly generate and test hypotheses about how circuits establish and maintain connectivity. Thus, the set of principles governing circuit formation and maintenance have been expanded. These principles are discussed in this review.



中文翻译:

神经回路架构的建立与维护

感知世界、处理信息和在环境中导航的能力取决于大脑中神经回路的组装和连续功能。在过去的二十年里,新技术迅速推进了我们对神经回路在发育过程中如何连接以及它们如何稳定维护的理解,通常是多年。模式生物连接组的电子显微镜重建提供了大脑中刻板(和可变)连接的地图;先进的光学显微镜技术可以直接观察构成电路构建和维护基础的细胞动力学;发育中和成熟神经元的转录组学和蛋白质组学调查提供了对控制回路建立和维护的分子和遗传程序的见解;先进的遗传技术允许高通量发现布线调节器。这些工具使科学家能够快速生成和测试关于电路如何建立和维持连接的假设。因此,控制电路形成和维护的一组原则得到了扩展。本综述讨论了这些原则。

更新日期:2021-02-10
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