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Detecting genetic signals of selection in heavily bottlenecked reindeer populations by comparing parallel founder events
Molecular Ecology ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-10 , DOI: 10.1111/mec.15837
Menno J de Jong 1 , Fiona Lovatt 1 , A Rus Hoelzel 1
Affiliation  

Founder populations are of special interest to both evolutionary and conservation biologists, but the detection of genetic signals of selection in these populations is challenging due to their demographic history. Geographically separated founder populations likely to have been subjected to similar selection pressures provide an ideal but rare opportunity to overcome these challenges. Here we take advantage of such a situation generated when small, isolated founder populations of reindeer were established on the island of South Georgia, and using this system we look for empirical evidence of selection overcoming strong genetic drift. We generated a 70 k ddRADseq single nucleotide polymorphism database for the two parallel reindeer founder populations and screened for signatures of soft sweeps. We find evidence for a genomic region under selection shared among the two populations, and support our findings with Wright–Fisher model simulations to assess the power and specificity of interpopulation selection scans—namely Bayescan, OutFLANK, PCadapt and a newly developed scan called Genome Wide Differentiation Scan (GWDS)—in the context of pairwise source–founder comparisons. Our simulations indicate that loci under selection in small founder populations are most probably detected by GWDS, and strengthen the hypothesis that the outlier region represents a true locus under selection. We explore possible, relevant functional roles for genes in linkage with the detected outlier loci.

中文翻译:

通过比较并行的创始人事件,检测严重瓶颈驯鹿种群中选择的遗传信号

创始种群对进化生物学家和保护生物学家都特别感兴趣,但是由于这些种群的人口统计学历史,在这些种群中选择遗传信号的检测具有挑战性。在地理位置上分散的创始人人口可能遭受了类似的选择压力,这是克服这些挑战的理想但难得的机会。在这里,我们利用了这样一种情况,即在乔治亚州南部的岛屿上建立了少量孤立的驯鹿创始人种群时所产生的情况,并使用此系统寻找选择克服强烈遗传漂移的经验证据。我们为两个平行的驯鹿奠基者群体生成了一个70 k ddRADseq单核苷酸多态性数据库,并筛选了软扫描的特征。我们找到了两个族群共有的选择中的基因组区域的证据,并通过Wright-Fisher模型模拟来评估种群间选择扫描(即贝叶斯坎,OutFLANK,PCadapt和最新开发的名为Genome Wide的扫描)的功能和特异性,以支持我们的发现。差异扫描(GWDS)-在成对的源-创建者比较的上下文中。我们的模拟表明,在小创始人群体中处于选择状态的基因座最有可能被GWDS检测到,并加强了以下假设:离群区域代表处于选择中的真实基因座。我们探索与检测到的异常基因座连锁的基因的可能,相关的功能角色。并通过Wright–Fisher模型仿真支持我们的发现,以在成对的源-创始人比较中评估种群间选择扫描(即贝叶斯坎,OutFLANK,PCadapt和最新开发的称为基因组广泛差异扫描(GWDS)的扫描)的功能和特异性。 。我们的模拟表明,在小创始人群体中处于选择状态的基因座最有可能被GWDS检测到,并加强了以下假设:离群区域代表处于选择中的真实基因座。我们探索与检测到的异常基因座连锁的基因的可能,相关的功能角色。并通过Wright–Fisher模型仿真支持我们的发现,以在成对的源-创始人比较中评估种群间选择扫描(即贝叶斯坎,OutFLANK,PCadapt和最新开发的称为基因组广泛差异扫描(GWDS)的扫描)的功能和特异性。 。我们的模拟表明,在小创始人群体中处于选择状态的基因座最有可能被GWDS检测到,并加强了以下假设:离群区域代表处于选择中的真实基因座。我们探索与检测到的异常基因座连锁的基因的可能,相关的功能角色。我们的模拟表明,在小创始人群体中处于选择状态的基因座最有可能被GWDS检测到,并加强了以下假设:离群区域代表处于选择中的真实基因座。我们探索与检测到的异常基因座连锁的基因的可能,相关的功能角色。我们的模拟表明,在小创始人群体中处于选择状态的基因座最有可能被GWDS检测到,并加强了以下假设:离群区域代表处于选择中的真实基因座。我们探索与检测到的异常基因座连锁的基因的可能,相关的功能角色。
更新日期:2021-03-24
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