Although macroecology is a well‐established field, much remains to be learned about the large‐scale variation of fungal traits. We conducted a global analysis of mean fruit body size of 59 geographical regions worldwide, comprising 5340 fungal species exploring the response of fruit body size to latitude, resource availability and temperature. The results showed a hump‐shaped relationship between mean fruit body size and distance to the equator. Areas with large fruit bodies were characterised by a high seasonality and an intermediate mean temperature. The responses of mutualistic species and saprotrophs were similar. These findings support the resource availability hypothesis, predicting large fruit bodies due to a seasonal resource surplus, and the thermoregulation hypothesis, according to which small fruit bodies offer a strategy to avoid heat and cold stress and therefore occur at temperature extremes. Fruit body size may thus be an adaptive trait driving the large‐scale distribution of fungal species.

中文翻译：

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全局分析揭示了真菌种类中蘑菇大小的环境驱动纬度模式

尽管宏观生态学是一个公认的领域，但有关真菌性状的大范围变化还有很多知识要学习。我们对全球59个地理区域的平均子实体大小进行了全球分析，包括5340种真菌物种，探讨了子实体大小对纬度，资源可用性和温度的响应。结果表明，平均子实体大小与到赤道的距离之间呈驼峰形关系。子实体大的地区具有高季节性和中等平均温度的特征。互惠物种和腐生物的反应是相似的。这些发现支持资源可利用性假说，预测由于季节性资源过剩而导致的大型果体，以及温度调节假说，根据哪个小型子实体提供了避免高温和低温胁迫的策略，因此会在极端温度下发生。因此，子实体的大小可能是驱动真菌物种大规模分布的适应性状。