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Bone diagenesis in the medieval cemetery of Vratislavs’ Palace in Prague
Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s12520-021-01286-4
Alberto Viani , Dita Machová , Petra Mácová , Gregor Mali , Petr Velemínský

Diagenetic modifications in human bones from the early-medieval cemetery discovered in the garden of Vratislavs’ Palace, in the central Malá Strana district of Prague, have been investigated combining histological analysis and instrumental analysis with X-ray diffraction, infrared, and 31P NMR spectroscopy. A total of 15 ribs samples were collected for the study. One sample belonged to a child, whereas, of the other samples from adults, 7 belonged to males, 5 to females, and for 2 the sex attribution was uncertain. A diagenetic pathway common to most of the studied samples was considered the result of a burial environment characterized by a nearly static water regime, with limited temperature excursions, moderately oxic to suboxic, and with pH fluctuations around the limit of apatite recrystallization window, in agreement with the fine textured clay-rich soil, its low hydraulic conductivity, and the measured soil pH. A second pattern, related to variations in the microenvironment, interested a limited number of samples with poorer histological preservation. This was interpreted as the result of higher pH and a better oxygenated environment, which favoured mineral recrystallization. Further reactivation of deterioration processes probably occurred later in some of the graves perturbed by works conducted in the seventeenth century. This work highlights the complementarity of the information obtained from the adopted techniques in order to gain insights into the post-mortem fate of the human remains and their sedimentary environment. In this respect, the quantification of the amount of phosphorus in the amorphous hydrated layer of apatite provided a unique type of information on the mineral component of bone and its reorganization during diagenesis, revealing that a relevant fraction can survive diagenesis, at variance with what previously supposed.



中文翻译:

布拉格Vratislavs's Palace中世纪公墓的成骨作用

结合X射线衍射,红外和31射线的组织学分析和仪器分析,研究了在布拉格中央MaláStrana区的Vratislavs's Palace花园中发现的中世纪早期公墓对人体骨骼的成岩作用。1 H NMR光谱。总共收集了15个肋骨样品用于研究。一个样本属于儿童,而其他成年人样本中,有7个属于男性,有5个属于女性,还有2个样本的性别归因不确定。大部分被研究样品共有的成岩途径被认为是埋葬环境的结果,其特征是接近静态的水态,温度范围有限,中度有氧至亚低氧,pH波动在磷灰石重结晶窗口的极限附近,这是一致的。质地细腻,富含粘土的土壤,低水力传导率和测得的土壤pH值。第二种模式与微环境的变化有关,它对有限数量的组织学保存较差的样品感兴趣。这被解释为较高的pH值和更好的氧化环境的结果,这有利于矿物重结晶。后来,在十七世纪进行的工程扰动的某些坟墓中,可能进一步发生了退化过程的恢复。这项工作强调了从采用的技术中获得的信息的互补性,以便深入了解人类遗体的尸体命运及其沉积环境。在这方面,磷灰石无定形水合层中磷含量的定量提供了有关骨矿物质成分及其在成岩过程中的重组的独特信息,揭示了相关部分可以在成岩过程中幸存下来,这与以前的情况有所不同。应该。后来,在十七世纪进行的工程扰动的某些坟墓中,可能进一步发生了退化过程的恢复。这项工作强调了从采用的技术中获得的信息的互补性,以便深入了解人类遗体的尸体命运及其沉积环境。在这方面,磷灰石无定形水合层中磷含量的定量提供了有关骨矿物质成分及其在成岩过程中的重组的独特信息,揭示了相关部分可以在成岩过程中幸存下来,这与以前的情况有所不同。应该。后来,在十七世纪进行的工程扰动的某些坟墓中,可能进一步发生了退化过程的恢复。这项工作强调了从采用的技术中获得的信息的互补性,以便深入了解人类遗体的尸体命运及其沉积环境。在这方面,磷灰石无定形水合层中磷含量的定量提供了有关骨矿物质成分及其在成岩过程中的重组的独特信息,揭示了相关部分可以在成岩过程中幸存下来,这与以前的情况有所不同。应该。这项工作强调了从采用的技术中获得的信息的互补性,以便深入了解人类遗体的尸体命运及其沉积环境。在这方面,磷灰石无定形水合层中磷含量的定量提供了有关骨矿物质成分及其在成岩过程中的重组的独特信息,揭示了相关部分可以在成岩过程中幸存下来,这与以前的情况有所不同。应该。这项工作强调了从采用的技术中获得的信息的互补性,以便深入了解人类遗体的尸体命运及其沉积环境。在这方面,磷灰石无定形水合层中磷含量的定量提供了有关骨矿物质成分及其在成岩过程中的重组的独特信息,揭示了相关部分可以在成岩过程中幸存下来,这与以前的情况有所不同。应该。

更新日期:2021-02-10
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