当前位置: X-MOL 学术Communication Law and Policy › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Old Love for New Snoops: How Exemption 3 of the Freedom of Information Act Enables an Irrebuttable Presumption of Surveillance Secrecy
Communication Law and Policy Pub Date : 2018-02-20 , DOI: 10.1080/10811680.2018.1427327
Benjamin W. Cramer

Exemption 3 of the Freedom of Information Act states that a federal agency can withhold a document that has already been deemed non-disclosable by a different statute. That exemption is often used by agencies that are involved in traditional national security practices and the controversial modern techniques of pervasive electronic surveillance, as justification for keeping information on those practices secret. This article argues that Exemption 3 has inadvertently made the security and surveillance establishment more secretive, creating a nearly irrebuttable presumption that documents must not be disclosed to citizens or journalists. Exemption 3 jurisprudence has allowed precedents on the secrecy of old-school surveillance techniques to be applied to the far more pervasive techniques exercised by security agencies in the modern era.

中文翻译:

对新侦探的怀旧之情:《信息自由法》的豁免3如何使监视保密成为不可推卸的推定

《信息自由法》的第3条豁免规定,联邦机构可以扣留其他法规已认为不可披露的文件。涉及传统国家安全实践和有争议的现代电子监控技术的机构经常将这种豁免作为对这些实践的信息保密的理由。本文认为,豁免3无意间使安全和监视机构变得更加秘密,从而提出了一个几乎不可辩驳的假设,即不得将文件透露给公民或记者。豁免3的判例使老式监视技术的机密性先例可以应用到现代安全机构使用的更为普遍的技术中。
更新日期:2018-02-20
down
wechat
bug