ABSTRACT This study presents the development of a basic psychological performance demand model (PDM) for sport and organisations, adopting a process view of performance underpinned by reversal theory (Apter [2001] An introduction to reversal theory. In M. J. Apter (Ed.), Motivational styles in everyday life: A guide to reversal theory (pp. 3-36⁠). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association). Six elite coaches with extensive coaching experience at European, Commonwealth, Olympic and Paralympic Games were interviewed. Their interview statements were analysed using a combination of deductive and inductive analysis procedures for qualitative data. In conjunction with the interviewer, coaches developed PDMs for their specific sports. Analysis of interview data and coaches’ specific PDMs identified four main cross-sport themes or fundamental psychological capabilities required for meeting performance demands. These were: Mastery motivation, Decision making, Execution, and Teamship. The PDM offers a starting framework for a new basic performance model that is novel and pragmatic with potential applicability across sports and organisations. The model is useful in its existing form, but needs further testing, extended practical application and reflection by coaches, athletes, and sport psychologists. It has potential for use in other coaching contexts beyond sport, such as business, leadership development, education, and health.

中文翻译：

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介绍体育和组织的基本心理绩效需求模型

摘要这项研究提出了体育和组织的基本心理绩效需求模型（PDM）的发展，并采用了以逆转理论为基础的绩效过程观（Apter [2001]逆转理论导论。在MJ Apter（Ed。）中，日常生活中的动机风格：逆向理论指南（第3至36页），华盛顿特区：美国心理学会）。采访了在欧洲，英联邦，奥林匹克和残奥会上具有丰富教练经验的六位精英教练。他们的访谈陈述是结合演绎和归纳分析程序对定性数据进行分析的。教练与面试官一起为特定运动项目开发了PDM。通过对访谈数据和教练的特定PDM进行分析，可以确定满足性能要求所需的四个主要跨运动主题或基本心理能力。它们是：精通动机，决策制定，执行力和团队合作精神。PDM为新的基本绩效模型提供了一个起始框架，该模型新颖实用，在体育和组织中都有潜在的适用性。该模型以其现有形式有用，但需要进一步测试，扩展的实际应用以及教练，运动员和运动心理学家的反思。它具有在体育以外的其他教练环境中使用的潜力，例如业务，领导力发展，教育和健康。PDM为新的基本绩效模型提供了一个起始框架，该模型新颖实用，在体育和组织中都有潜在的适用性。该模型以其现有形式有用，但需要进一步测试，扩展的实际应用以及教练，运动员和运动心理学家的反思。它具有在体育以外的其他教练环境中使用的潜力，例如业务，领导力发展，教育和健康。PDM为新的基本绩效模型提供了一个起始框架，该模型新颖实用，在体育和组织中都有潜在的适用性。该模型以其现有形式有用，但需要进一步测试，扩展的实际应用以及教练，运动员和运动心理学家的反思。它具有在体育以外的其他教练环境中使用的潜力，例如业务，领导力发展，教育和健康。