ABSTRACT The revival of monasticism in the eleventh century promoted greater seclusion of monks and the re-positioning of care offered to the community. The increasing prevelance of leprosy also prompted the development of hospitals as independent foundations. These factors contributed to the establishment of over 1000 hospitals in England during the medieval period (AD 1050–1550). Documentary evidence relating to the inhabitants of these sites, particularly non-adults, is scarce. Over the past twenty years, archaeological excavations and bioarchaeological studies of medieval hospital cemeteries across England, have produced an increasing body of evidence which is revealing new information about hospital inhabitants. This paper will provide an overview of current approaches to the study of non-adults buried at medieval hospitals from historical, archaeological and bioarchaeological perspectives. Consideration is given to the theoretical and scientific advances in these areas, and the potential of osteological methods to enhance our knowledge of non-adults in hospital populations.

中文翻译：

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了解英格兰中世纪医院儿童存在的生物文化方法：我们可以从考古调查中学到什么？

摘要 十一世纪修道主义的复兴促进了僧侣的更大程度的隐居和为社区提供的护理的重新定位。麻风病的日益流行也推动了医院作为独立基金会的发展。这些因素促成了中世纪时期（公元 1050-1550 年）在英格兰建立了 1000 多家医院。与这些地点的居民，特别是非成年人有关的文件证据很少。在过去的二十年中，对英格兰中世纪医院墓地的考古发掘和生物考古研究产生了越来越多的证据，这些证据揭示了有关医院居民的新信息。本文将从历史、考古学和生物考古学的观点。考虑了这些领域的理论和科学进步，以及骨学方法在增强我们对医院人群中非成人知识的潜力。