Abstract Modern museum practice embraces equal access for all, but access for blind and partially-sighted (BPS) audience remains problematic given the ocularcentricity of museums. Many museum professionals and BPS visitors remain frustrated by the degree of accessibility on offer. The use of 3-D printed replicas as a handling surrogate represents a solution, allowing BPS visitors to engage tactually with museum content while minimizing risk. However, the design of such replicas is poorly researched. This exploratory examination of the design of 3-D printed replicas utilizes semi-structured interviews, sensory observations and content analysis to examine BPS perceptions of museum objects in the absence of interpretational support. Interpretation was dominantly multisensory, while participants found it easier to determine material traits than object traits, with textual, geometrical and optical properties being of use. Assistive approaches rather than major alterations were favored. Overall, museum professionals should consider how the process of 3-D printing influences BPS perception.

中文翻译：

---

为博物馆的盲人和部分视力观众设计 3D 打印：探索视力丧失者的需求

摘要 现代博物馆实践包含对所有人的平等访问权，但鉴于博物馆以眼睛为中心，盲人和弱视 (BPS) 观众的访问权仍然存在问题。许多博物馆专业人士和 BPS 游客仍然对所提供的无障碍程度感到沮丧。使用 3D 打印复制品作为处理替代品代表了一种解决方案，允许 BPS 参观者以触觉方式接触博物馆内容，同时将风险降至最低。然而，这种复制品的设计研究很少。这种对 3D 打印复制品设计的探索性检查利用半结构化访谈、感官观察和内容分析，在没有解释支持的情况下检查 BPS 对博物馆物品的看法。解释主要是多感官的，而参与者发现确定材料特征比确定物体特征更容易，文本、几何和光学属性都可以使用。有利于辅助方法而不是重大改变。总的来说，博物馆专业人士应该考虑 3D 打印过程如何影响 BPS 感知。